Apollo Global Management, Inc.

1. Organization

Apollo Global Management, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, “Apollo” or the “Company”) is a high-growth, global alternative asset manager and a retirement services provider. Apollo’s asset management business focuses ontwo investing strategies: credit and equity. Through its asset management business, Apollo raises, invests and manages funds, accounts and other vehicles, on behalf of some of the world’s most prominent pension, endowment and sovereign wealth funds and insurance companies, as well as other institutional and individual investors. Apollo’s retirement services business is conducted by Athene, a leading financial services company that specializes in issuing, reinsuring and acquiring retirement savings products for the increasing number of individuals and institutions seeking to fund retirement needs.

Acquisition of Bridge

On September 2, 2025 (the “Acquisition Date”), Apollo completed the previously announced acquisition of Bridge in an all-stock transaction. As a result, Bridge became a consolidated subsidiary of AAM. Bridge’s results are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements commencing from the Acquisition Date.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and the SEC’s rules and regulations for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Certain disclosures included in the annual audited financial statements have been condensed or omitted as they are not required for interim financial statements under U.S. GAAP and the rules of the SEC. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual audited financial statements included in our 2025 Annual Report.

The results of the Company and its subsidiaries are presented on a consolidated basis. Any ownership interest other than the Company’s interest in its subsidiaries is reflected as a non-controlling interest. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring items) so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that any estimates made are reasonable and prudent. Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported amounts to conform to the current period’s presentation.

The Company’s principal subsidiaries, AAM and AHL, together with their subsidiaries, operate an asset management business and a retirement services business, respectively, which possess distinct characteristics. As a result, the Company’s financial statement presentation is organized intotwo tiers: asset management and retirement services. The Company believes that separate presentation provides a more informative view of the Company’s consolidated financial condition and results of operations than an aggregated presentation.

Deferred Revenue

Apollo records deferred revenue, which is a type of contract liability, when consideration is received in advance of management services provided. Deferred revenue is reversed and recognized as revenue over the period that the agreed upon services are performed. It is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. There was $85 million of revenue recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2026 that was previously deferred as of January 1, 2026.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (ASU 2024-03)

In November 2024, the FASB issued guidance that requires disaggregation of certain expense captions into specified categories in disclosures within the notes to the financial statements. The ASU requires tabular presentation of each relevant expense caption on the face of the income statement including employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization, and certain other expenses, when applicable.

The guidance is mandatorily effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new pronouncement on its consolidated financial statements.

Business Combinations and Consolidation (ASU 2025-03)

In May 2025, the FASB issued guidance clarifying how to identify the accounting acquirer in business combinations involving variable interest entities. The ASU requires an assessment of control and economic interests to determine the acquirer for consolidation purposes.

The guidance is mandatorily effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods therein; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new pronouncement on its consolidated financial statements.

Compensation – Stock Compensation and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2025-04)

In June 2025, the FASB issued guidance clarifying the accounting for share-based consideration payable to customers, specifically addressing when such payments should be classified as stock compensation expense versus a reduction of revenue.

The guidance is mandatorily effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods therein; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new pronouncement on its consolidated financial statements.

Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software (ASU 2025-06)

In September 2025, the FASB issued guidance providing targeted improvements to the accounting for internal-use software. The ASU simplifies accounting for internal-use software by eliminating references to specific development project stages and clarifies the threshold entities should apply to begin capitalizing costs.

The guidance is mandatorily effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, including interim periods therein; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new pronouncement on its consolidated financial statements.

Derivatives and Hedging and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2025-07)

In September 2025, the FASB issued amendments to refine the scope of derivatives within the derivatives guidance by excluding certain non-exchange-traded contracts for which settlement is based on operations or activities specific to a party, unless settlement involves a market-based variable or a financial instrument. The updates also clarify that share-based non-cash consideration from a customer in a revenue contract should be accounted for under revenue recognition guidance until the entity’s right to receive or retain the consideration becomes unconditional.

The guidance is mandatorily effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods therein; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new pronouncement on its consolidated financial statements.

Derivatives and Hedging – Hedge Accounting Improvements (ASU 2025-09)

In November 2025, the FASB issued guidance amending certain aspects of the hedge accounting guidance and to address several incremental hedge accounting issues arising from the global reference rate reform initiative. The objective of this ASU is to more closely align hedge accounting with the economics of an entity’s risk management activities.

The guidance is mandatorily effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods therein; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new pronouncement on its consolidated financial statements.

Interim Reporting (ASU 2025-11)

In December 2025, the FASB issued amendments to improve the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 270, Interim Reporting, by improving the navigability of the required interim disclosures and clarifying when that guidance is applicable. The amendments also provide additional guidance on what disclosures should be provided in interim reporting periods. The amendments are not intended to change the fundamental nature of interim reporting or expand or reduce current interim disclosure requirements.

The guidance is mandatorily effective for the Company for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new pronouncement on its consolidated financial statements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Income Taxes – Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09)

In December 2023, the FASB made amendments to update disclosures on income taxes including rate reconciliation, income taxes paid, and certain amendments on disaggregation by federal, state, and foreign taxes, as relevant.

The Company adopted the guidance for the annual reporting period ended December 31, 2025, and there was no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements in interim periods upon adoption.

3. Business Combination

On September 2, 2025, Apollo completed the previously announced acquisition of Bridge in an all-stock transaction. As a result, Bridge became a consolidated subsidiary of AAM.

Under the terms of the agreement governing the Bridge acquisition, each share of Bridge Class A common stock and each Bridge Investment Group Holdings LLC (“Bridge LLC”) Class A common unit was converted into 0.07081 shares of common stock of AGM and cash paid in lieu of fractional shares. Additionally, each share of Bridge Class B common stock was converted into 0.00006 shares of common stock of AGM and cash paid in lieu of fractional shares. The purchase price was as follows:

The consideration transferred is subject to customary post-closing adjustments, which could affect the preliminary goodwill recognized. The Bridge acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. The consideration was allocated to Bridge’s assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on estimates of their fair values as of the Acquisition Date.

Adjustments to provisional amounts, if any, will be recognized in the period in which they are identified and reflected as if the accounting had been completed at the Acquisition Date. The effect on earnings of changes in amortization or other income effects, if any, as a result of any change to the provisional amounts, will be recorded in the financial statements for the period in which such change occurs, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the Acquisition Date. The purchase price allocation is expected to be finalized as soon as practicable, but no later than one year from the Acquisition Date.

Goodwill of $1.6 billion was recognized within the Asset Management segment and is primarily attributable to the assembled workforce, enhanced origination capabilities and the scale and synergies that can be achieved subsequent to the Bridge acquisition. A majority of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

The following table summarizes the fair value amounts recognized for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and resulting goodwill as of the Acquisition Date:

Included within the above are provisional amounts based on the availability of data as of the date these condensed consolidated financial statements were issued for certain investments, deferred tax liabilities included within accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities and the Bridge TRA within due to related parties. Adjustments to provisional amounts will be made as described above.

The Company performed a valuation of the acquired investments and identifiable intangibles using methodologies consistent with those described in note 2 of the consolidated financial statements included in our 2025 Annual Report and note 7 herein.

Identifiable intangible assets

The identifiable intangible assets are included in other assets on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and summarized as follows:

The fair value and weighted average estimated useful lives of the identifiable intangible assets acquired in the Bridge acquisition consist of the following:

Pro Forma Financial Information

Unaudited pro forma financial information for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 are presented below. Pro forma financial information presented does not include adjustments to reflect any potential revenue synergies or cost savings that may be achievable in connection with the Bridge acquisition and assumes it occurred as of January 1, 2024. The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of future operations or results had the acquisition been completed as of January 1, 2024.

Amounts above reflect certain pro forma adjustments that were directly attributable to the Bridge acquisition. These adjustments include the following:

•the elimination of historical amortization of Bridge’s intangibles and the additional amortization of intangibles measured at fair value as of the Acquisition Date;

•adjustments reflecting the purchase of all Bridge LLC Class A common units and certain other non-controlling interests in subsidiaries; and

•adjustments reflecting the transaction costs.

4. Investments

The following table outlines the Company’s investments:

Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities

The following outlines realized and net change in unrealized gains (losses) reported in net gains (losses) from investment activities:

Performance Allocations

Performance allocations receivable and those of consolidated VIEs are recorded within investments and investments of consolidated VIEs, respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The following table presents the performance allocations:

The table below provides a roll forward of the performance allocations balance:

The change in fair value of funds excludes the general partner obligation to return previously distributed performance allocations, which is recorded in due to related parties in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

The timing of the payment of performance allocations due to the general partner or investment manager varies depending on the terms of the applicable fund agreements. Generally, performance allocations with respect to the equity funds and certain credit funds we manage are payable and are distributed to the fund’s general partner upon realization of an investment if the fund’s cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return.

AFS Securities

The following table represents the amortized cost, allowance for credit losses, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of Athene’s AFS investments by asset type:

The amortized cost and fair value of AFS securities, including related parties, are shown by contractual maturity below:

Actual maturities can differ from contractual maturities as borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

Unrealized Losses on AFS Securities

The following summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses for AFS securities, including related parties, for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by asset type and length of time the fair value has remained below amortized cost:

The following summarizes the number of AFS securities that were in an unrealized loss position, including related parties, for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded:

The unrealized losses on AFS securities can primarily be attributed to changes in market interest rates since acquisition of the securities. Athene did not recognize the unrealized losses in income, unless as required for hedge accounting, as it intends to hold these securities and it is not more likely than not it will be required to sell a security before the recovery of its amortized cost.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit losses for AFS securities by asset type:

Net Investment Income

Net investment income by asset class consists of the following:

Investment Related Gains (Losses)

Investment related gains (losses) by asset class consists of the following:

Proceeds from sales of AFS securities were $10,694 million and $5,865 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $18,462 million and $14,810 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

The following table summarizes the change in unrealized gains (losses) on trading and equity securities held as of the respective period end:

Repurchase Agreements

The following table summarizes the remaining contractual maturities of repurchase agreements:

The following table summarizes the securities pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements:

As of December 31, 2025, $907 million of repurchase agreements were presented net of reverse repurchase agreements on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, and the agreements were net settled during the first quarter of 2026.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, amounts loaned under reverse repurchase agreements were $142 million and $1,067 million, respectively, and the fair value of the collateral was $787 million of asset-backed securities and $1,822 million of asset-backed securities and short-term investments, respectively.

Mortgage Loans, including related parties and consolidated VIEs

Mortgage loans include both commercial and residential loans. Athene has elected the fair value option on its mortgage loan portfolio. See note 7 for further fair value option information. The following represents the mortgage loan portfolio, with fair value option loans presented at unpaid principal balance:

Athene invests in commercial mortgage loans, primarily on income-producing properties including apartments, industrial properties, office buildings, hotels, and retail buildings. Athene diversifies the commercial mortgage loan portfolio by geographic region and property type to reduce concentration risk. Athene evaluates mortgage loans based on relevant current information to confirm whether properties are performing at a consistent and acceptable level to secure the related debt.

The distribution of commercial mortgage loans, including those under development, by property type and geographic region is as follows:

Athene’s residential mortgage loan portfolio primarily consists of first lien residential mortgage loans collateralized by properties in various geographic locations and is summarized by proportion of the portfolio in the following table:

Investment Funds

Athene’s investment fund portfolio strategy primarily focuses on core holdings of origination and retirement services platforms, equity and credit, and other funds. Origination platforms include investments sourced by affiliated platforms that originate loans to third parties and in which Athene gains exposure directly to the loan or indirectly through its ownership of the origination platform and/or securitizations of assets originated by the origination platform. Retirement services platforms include investments in equity of financial services companies. The credit strategy comprises direct origination, asset-backed, multi-credit and opportunistic credit funds focused on generating excess returns through high-quality credit underwriting and origination. The equity strategy comprises private equity, hybrid value, secondaries equity, real estate equity, infrastructure and clean transition equity funds that raise capital from investors to pursue control-oriented investments across the universe of private assets. Investment funds can meet the definition of VIEs. The investment funds do not specify timing of distributions on the funds’ underlying assets.

The following summarizes Athene’s investment funds, including related parties and consolidated VIEs:

Concentrations—The following table represents Athene’s investment concentrations in excess of 10% of stockholders’ equity:

5. Derivatives

Athene usesa variety of derivative instruments to manage risks, primarily equity, interest rate, foreign currency and market volatility. Seenote 7 for information about the fair value hierarchy for derivatives.

The following table presents the notional amount and fair value of derivative instruments:

Derivatives Designated as Hedges

Cash Flow Hedges

Athene uses interest rate swaps to convert floating-rate interest payments to fixed-rate interest payments to reduce exposure to interest rate changes. The interest rate swaps will expire by January 2036. During the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, Athene recognized losses of $84 million and gains of $76 million, respectively, in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) associated with these hedges. During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, Athene recognized losses of $148 million and gains of $172 million, respectively, in OCI associated with these hedges. There wereno amounts deemed ineffective during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025. As of June 30, 2026, Athene expected an estimated $20 million of losses to be reclassified to income within the next 12 months based on current market economics; however, actual amounts recognized may vary as a result of changes in relevant market conditions.

Fair Value Hedges

Athene uses foreign currency forward contracts, foreign currency swaps, foreign currency interest rate swaps and interest rate swaps that are designated and accounted for as fair value hedges to hedge certain exposures to foreign currency risk and interest rate risk. The foreign currency forward price is agreed upon at the time of the contract and payment is made at a specified future date. The amortized cost of AFS debt securities in qualifying fair value hedges of foreign currency risk was $21.2 billion and $21.3 billion as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The carrying value of interest sensitive contract liabilities in qualifying fair value hedges of foreign currency swaps was $8.5 billion and $8.4 billion as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

The following represents the carrying amount and the cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments of hedged liabilities, excluding liabilities solely hedging foreign currency risk and cumulative amounts related to foreign currency gains (losses):

The following is a summary of the gains (losses) related to the derivatives and related hedged items in fair value hedge relationships:

The following is a summary of the gains (losses) excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness that were recognized in OCI:

Net Investment Hedges

Athene uses foreign currency forwards to hedge the foreign currency exchange rate risk of its investments in subsidiaries that have a reporting currency other than the U.S. dollar. Hedge effectiveness is assessed based on the changes in forward rates. During the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, these derivatives had losses of $1 million and $14 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, these derivatives had gains of $3 million and losses of $22 million, respectively. These derivatives are included in foreign currency translation and other adjustments on the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the cumulative foreign currency translations recorded in AOCI related to these net investment hedges were gains of $17 million and $14 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, there wereno amounts deemed ineffective.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges

Equity options

Athene uses equity indexed options to economically hedge indexed annuity products that guarantee the return of principal to the policyholder and credit interest based on a percentage of the gain in a specified market index, including the S&P 500 and other bespoke indices. To hedge against adverse changes in equity indices, Athene enters into contracts to buy equity indexed options. The contracts are net settled in cash based on differentials in the indices at the time of exercise and the strike price.

Futures

Athene purchases futures contracts to hedge the growth in interest credited to the customer as a direct result of increases in the related indices. Athene enters into exchange-traded futures with regulated futures commission clearing brokers who are members of a trading exchange. Under exchange-traded futures contracts, Athene agrees to purchase a specified number of contracts with other parties and to post variation margin on a daily basis in an amount equal to the difference in the daily fair values of those contracts.

Interest rate swaps and forwards

Athene uses interest rate swaps and forwards to reduce market risks from interest rate changes and to alter interest rate exposure arising from duration mismatches between assets and liabilities. With an interest rate swap, Athene agrees with another party to exchange the difference between fixed-rate and floating-rate interest amounts tied to an agreed-upon notional principal amount at specified intervals. With an interest rate forward, including a bond forward, Athene agrees with a counterparty to lock in the terms of an investment purchase that will occur on a specified future date.

Other swaps

Other swaps include total return swaps, credit default swaps and swaptions. Athene purchases total rate of return swaps to gain exposure and benefit from a reference asset or index without ownership. Credit default swaps provide a measure of protection against the default of an issuer or allow Athene to gain credit exposure to an issuer or traded index. Athene uses credit default swaps coupled with a bond to synthetically create the characteristics of a reference bond. Swaptions provide an option to enter into an interest rate swap and are used by Athene to hedge against interest rate exposure.

Embedded derivatives

Athene has embedded derivatives which are required to be separated from their host contracts and reported as derivatives. Host contracts include reinsurance agreements structured on a modco or funds withheld basis and indexed annuity products.

The following is a summary of the gains (losses) related to derivatives not designated as hedges:

Credit Risk

Athenemay be exposed to credit-related losses in the event of counterparty nonperformance on derivative financial instruments. Generally, the current credit exposure of Athene’sderivative contracts is the fair value at the reporting date less any collateral received from the counterparty.

Athene manages credit risk related to over-the-counter derivatives by entering into transactions with creditworthy counterparties. Where possible, Athene maintains collateral arrangements and uses master netting agreements that provide for a single net payment from one counterparty to another at each due date and upon termination. Athene has also established counterparty exposure limits, where possible, in order to evaluate if there is sufficient collateral to support the net exposure.

Collateral arrangements typically require the posting of collateral in connection with its derivative instruments. Collateral agreements often contain posting thresholds, some of which may vary depending on the posting party’s financial strength ratings. Additionally, a decrease in Athene’sfinancial strength rating to a specified level can result in settlement of the derivative position.

The estimated fair value of Athene’snet derivative and other financial assets and liabilities after the application of master netting agreements and collateral were as follows:

Certain derivative instruments contain provisions for credit-related events, such as a negative credit event of a credit default swap’s reference entity. If a credit event were to occur, Athene may be required to settle an outstanding liability. Athene has written credit default swaps primarily on high-yield indices. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the carrying value of these derivatives was $144 million and $76 million in assets, respectively, and less than $1 million of liabilities as of each respective period. As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the maximum amount of potential future payments on the credit default swaps was $1,010 million and $510 million, respectively.

6. Variable Interest Entities

A variable interest in a VIE is an investment or other interest that will absorb portions of the VIE’s expected losses and/or receive expected residual returns. Variable interests in consolidated VIEs and unconsolidated VIEs are discussed separately below.

Consolidated VIEs

Consolidated VIEs include certain CLOs and funds managed by the Company and other entities where the Company is deemed the primary beneficiary. Consolidated VIEs also include certain investment managers and general partners of the funds managed by the Company. Such investment managers and general partners have other equity investors at risk that do not have the ability to make significant decisions related to the entity’s operations.

The assets of consolidated VIEs are not available to creditors of the Company, and the investors in these consolidated VIEs have no recourse against the assets of the Company. Similarly, there is no recourse to the Company for the consolidated VIEs’ liabilities.

As of June 30, 2026, cash and cash equivalents of consolidated VIEs includes $68 million of restricted cash held in escrow related to the sale of an investment, which is expected to be released over the next 12 months.

Other assets of the consolidated VIEs include short-term receivables due from investments sold and interest receivables. Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities of consolidated VIEs include debt, profit sharing payable and other short-term payables.

Results from certain consolidated VIEs are reported on up to a three-month lag based upon the availability of financial information.

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities—Asset Management

The following table presents the investments of the consolidated VIEs:

The following table presents net gains (losses) from investment activities of the consolidated VIEs:

In addition, we recognize revenues and expenses of certain consolidated VIEs within management fees, investment income (loss), compensation and benefits and general, administrative and other. The following table presents revenues, expenses and other gains (losses) related to the activities of these VIEs.

Included within other liabilities are amounts due to third-party institutions and other debt obligations by the consolidated VIEs. The following table summarizes the principal provisions of those amounts:

The consolidated VIEs’ debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. As of June 30, 2026, the Company was not aware of any instances of non-compliance with any of these covenants.

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities—Retirement Services

The following summarizes the statements of operations activity of the consolidated VIEs:

Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities—Asset Management

The following table presents the maximum exposure to losses relating to these VIEs for which Apollo has concluded that it holds a significant variable interest, but that it is not the primary beneficiary.

Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities—Retirement Services

Athene has variable interests in certain unconsolidated VIEs in the form of securities and ownership stakes in investment funds.

Fixed maturity securities

Athene invests in securitization entities as a debt holder or an investor in the residual interest of the securitization vehicle. These entities are deemed VIEs due to insufficient equity within the structure and lack of control by the equity investors over the activities that significantly impact the economics of the entity. In general, Athene is a debt investor within these entities and, as such, holds a variable interest; however, due to the debt holders’ lack of ability to control the decisions within the structure that significantly impact the entity, and the fact the debt holders are protected from losses due to the subordination of the equity tranche, the debt holders are not deemed the primary beneficiary. Securitization vehicles in which Athene holds the residual tranche are not consolidated because Athene does not unilaterally have substantive rights to remove the general partner, or when assessing related party interests, Athene is not under common control, as defined by U.S. GAAP, with the related parties, nor are substantially all of the activities conducted on Athene’s behalf; therefore, Athene is not deemed the primary beneficiary. Debt investments and investments in the residual tranche of securitization entities are considered debt instruments, and are held at fair value.

Investment funds

Investment funds include non-fixed income, alternative investments in the form of limited partnerships or similar legal structures.

Equity securities

Athene invests in preferred equity securities issued by entities deemed to be VIEs due to insufficient equity within the structure.

Athene’s risk of loss associated with its non-consolidated investments depends on the investment. Investment funds, equity securities and trading securities are limited to the carrying value plus unfunded commitments. AFS securities are limited to amortized cost plus unfunded commitments.

The following summarizes the carrying value and maximum loss exposure of these non-consolidated investments:

7. Fair Value

Fair Value Measurements of Financial Instruments

The following summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value hierarchy level:

Level 3 Financial Instruments

The following tables summarize the valuation techniques and quantitative inputs and assumptions used for financial assets and liabilities categorized as Level 3:

The following are reconciliations for Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

The following represents the gross components of purchases, issuances, sales and settlements, net, and net transfers in (out) shown above:

Financial Instruments Without Readily Determinable Fair Values

The Company elected the measurement alternative to account for an equity security that did not have a readily determinable fair value. The equity security was held at cost less any impairment. In connection with the initial public offering of the issuer of the equity security during the second quarter of 2025, the Company transitioned to measuring the investment at fair value using Level 1 inputs. This resulted in an observable transaction price below the Company’s carrying amount. Consequently, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $257 million during the second quarter of 2025 and the carrying value of the investment was written down to its fair value of $101 million as of June 30, 2025.

Fair Value Option – Retirement Services

The following represents the gains (losses) recorded for instruments for which Athene has elected the fair value option, including related parties and VIEs:

Gains and losses on trading securities, mortgage loans, and other are recorded in investment related gains (losses) on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Gains and losses related to investment funds are recorded in net investment income on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Gains and losses related to investments of consolidated VIEs are recorded in revenues of consolidated VIEs on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The change in fair value of future policy benefits is recorded in future policy and other policy benefits on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following summarizes information for fair value option mortgage loans, including related parties and VIEs:

The following represents the commercial mortgage loan portfolio 90 days or more past due and/or in non-accrual status:

The following represents the residential mortgage loan portfolio 90 days or more past due and/or in non-accrual status:

The following is the estimated amount of gains (losses) included in earnings during the period attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk on Athene’s mortgage loan portfolio:

The portion of gains and losses attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk is estimated by identifying commercial mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios meeting credit quality criteria, and residential mortgage loans with delinquency status meeting credit quality criteria.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value – Retirement Services

The following represents Athene’s financial instruments not carried at fair value on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition:

The fair value for financial instruments not carried at fair value are estimated using the same methods and assumptions as those carried at fair value. The financial instruments presented above are reported at carrying value on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition; however, in the case of policy loans, funds withheld at interest and liability, short-term investments, and securities to repurchase, the carrying amount approximates fair value.

Other investments –Other investments include investments in low-income housing and transferable energy tax credit structures. For those held using the proportional amortization method, the carrying value may include tax credits which have been received but not yet used, which are excluded from the measurement of the fair value estimate of the investment structures. Tax and other future benefits expected to be generated by these structures are valued using a discounted cash flow model.

Interest sensitive contract liabilities–The carrying and fair value of interest sensitive contract liabilities above includes indexed and traditional fixed annuities without mortality or morbidity risks, funding agreements, guaranteed investment contracts and payout annuities without life contingencies. The embedded derivatives within indexed annuities without mortality or morbidity risks are excluded, as they are carried at fair value. The valuation of these investment contracts is based on discounted cash flow methodologies using significant unobservable inputs. The estimated fair value is determined using current market risk-free interest rates, adding a spread to reflect nonperformance risk and subtracting a risk margin to reflect uncertainty inherent in the projected cash flows.

Debt–The fair value of debt is obtained from commercial pricing services. See note 12 for further information on debt.

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Discounted Cash Flow and Direct Capitalization Model

When a discounted cash flow or direct capitalization model is used to determine fair value, the significant input used in the valuation model is the discount rate applied to present value the projected cash flows or the capitalization rate, respectively. Increases in the discount or capitalization rate can significantly lower the fair value of an investment and the contingent consideration obligations; conversely decreases in the discount or capitalization rate can significantly increase the fair value of an investment and the contingent consideration obligations. See note 17 for further discussion of the contingent consideration obligations.

Option Model

When an option model is used to determine fair value, the significant input used in the valuation model is the volatility rate applied to present value the projected cash flows. Increases in the volatility rate can significantly lower the fair value of an investment; conversely decreases in the volatility rate can significantly increase the fair value of an investment.

Consolidated VIEs’ Investments

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the equity securities, bank loans and bonds are the discount rate and volatility rates applied in the valuation models. These inputs in isolation can cause significant increases or decreases in fair value, which would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. The discount and volatility rates are determined based on the market rates an investor would expect for a similar investment with similar risks.

NAV

Certain investments and investments of VIEs are valued using the NAV per share equivalent calculated by the investment manager as a practical expedient to determine an independent fair value.

AFS, trading and equity securities

Athene uses discounted cash flow models to calculate the fair value for certain fixed maturity and equity securities. The discount rate is a significant unobservable input because the credit spread includes adjustments made to the base rate. The base rate represents a market comparable rate for securities with similar characteristics. This excludes assets for which fair value is provided by independent broker quotes.

Mortgage loans

Athene uses discounted cash flow models from independent commercial pricing services to calculate the fair value of its mortgage loan portfolio. The discount rate is a significant unobservable input. This approach uses market transaction information and client portfolio-oriented information, such as prepayments or defaults, to support the valuations. For mortgage loans that Athene has entered into an agreement to sell at a specified price, the fair value is based on the estimated proceeds of the sale.

Interest sensitive contract liabilities – embedded derivative

Significant unobservable inputs used in the indexed annuities embedded derivative of the interest sensitive contract liabilities valuation include:

1. Nonperformance risk – For contracts Athene issues, it uses the credit spread, relative to the U.S. Treasury curve based on Athene’s public credit rating as of the valuation date. This represents Athene’s credit risk used in the fair value estimate of embedded derivatives.

2. Option budget – Athene assumes future hedge costs in the derivative’s fair value estimate. The level of option budgets determines the future costs of the options and impacts future policyholder account value growth.

3. Policyholder behavior – Athene regularly reviews the full withdrawal (surrender rate) assumptions. These are based on initial pricing assumptions updated for actual experience. Actual experience may be limited for recently issued products.

Valuation of Underlying Investments

The underlying entities that Apollo manages and invests in are primarily investment companies that account for their investments at estimated fair value.

On a quarterly basis, valuation committees consisting of members from senior management review and approve the valuation results related to the investments of the funds Apollo manages. Apollo also retains external valuation firms for third-party valuation consulting services, which consist of certain limited procedures that management identifies and requests them to perform. The limited procedures provided by the external valuation firms assist management with validating their valuation results or determining fair value. Apollo performs various back-testing procedures to validate its valuation approaches, including comparisons between expected and observed outcomes, forecast evaluations and variance analyses. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material.

Credit Investments

Credit investments are generally valued based on third-party vendor prices and/or quoted market prices and valuation models. Valuations using quoted market prices are based on the average of the “bid” and the “ask” quotes provided by multiple brokers wherever possible without any adjustments. Apollo will designate certain brokers to use to value specific securities. In determining the designated brokers, Apollo considers the following: (1) brokers with which Apollo has previously transacted, (2) the underwriter of the security and (3) active brokers indicating executable quotes. In addition, when valuing a security based on broker quotes wherever possible Apollo tests the standard deviation amongst the quotes received and the variance between the concluded fair value and the value provided by a pricing service. When relying on a third-party vendor as a primary source, Apollo (1) analyzes how the price has moved over the measurement period, (2) reviews the number of brokers included in the pricing service’s population, if available, and (3) validates the valuation levels with Apollo’s pricing team and traders.

Debt securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing a model-based approach to determine fair value. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of illiquid credit investments also may include the income approach, as described below. The valuation approaches used consider, as applicable, market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks.

Equity Investments

The majority of illiquid equity investments are valued using the market approach and/or the income approach, as described below.

Market Approach

The market approach is driven by current market conditions, including actual trading levels of similar companies and, to the extent available, actual transaction data of similar companies. Judgment is required by management when assessing which companies are similar to the subject company being valued. Consideration may also be given to any of the following factors: (1) the subject company’s historical and projected financial data; (2) valuations given to comparable companies; (3) the size and scope of the subject company’s operations; (4) the subject company’s individual strengths and weaknesses; (5) expectations relating to the market’s receptivity to an offering of the subject company’s securities; (6) applicable restrictions on transfer; (7) industry and market information; (8) general economic and market conditions; and (9) other factors deemed relevant. Market approach valuation models typically employ a multiple that is based on one or more of the factors described above.

Enterprise value as a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) is common and relevant for most companies and industries; however, other industry specific multiples are employed where available and appropriate. Sources for gaining additional knowledge related to comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports and press releases. Once a comparable company set is determined, Apollo reviews certain aspects of the subject company’s performance and determines how its performance compares to the group and to certain individuals in the group. Apollo compares certain measurements such as EBITDA margins, revenue growth over certain time periods, leverage ratios and growth opportunities. In addition, Apollo compares the entry multiple and its relation to the comparable set at the time of acquisition to understand its relation to the comparable set on each measurement date.

Income Approach

The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology for the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in the discounted cash flow method are significant assumptions related to the subject company’s expected results, the determination of a terminal value and a calculated discount rate, which is normally based on the subject company’s WACC. The WACC represents the required rate of return on total capitalization, which comprises a required rate of return on equity, plus the current tax-effected rate of return on debt, weighted by the relative percentages of equity and debt that are typical in the industry. The most critical step in determining the appropriate WACC for each subject company is to select companies that are comparable in nature to the subject company and the credit quality of the subject company. Sources for gaining additional knowledge about the comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports and press releases. The general formula then used for calculating the WACC considers the after-tax rate of return on debt capital and the rate of return on common equity capital, which further considers the risk-free rate of return, market beta, market risk premium and small stock premium, if applicable. The variables used in the WACC formula are inferred from the comparable market data obtained. The Company evaluates the comparable companies selected and concludes on WACC inputs based on the most comparable company or analyzes the range of data for the investment.

The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic), is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the close price on the date of determination.

Certain of the funds Apollo manages may also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, total return swap contracts, credit default swap contracts and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. If securities are held at the end of the period, the changes in value are recorded in income as unrealized. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Total return swap and credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the total return or credit default swap contract and the original contract price. Forward contracts are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers.

AFS and trading securities

The fair values for most marketable securities without an active market are obtained from several commercial pricing services. These are classified as Level 2 assets. The pricing services incorporate a variety of market observable information in their valuation techniques, including benchmark yields, trading activity, credit quality, issuer spreads, bids, offers and other reference data. This category typically includes U.S. and non-U.S. corporate bonds, U.S. agency and government guaranteed securities, CLO, ABS, CMBS and RMBS.

Athene also has fixed maturity securities priced based on indicative broker quotes or by employing market accepted valuation models. For certain fixed maturity securities, the valuation model uses significant unobservable inputs and these are included in Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Significant unobservable inputs used include discount rates, issue-specific credit adjustments, material non-public financial information, estimation of future earnings and cash flows, default rate assumptions, liquidity assumptions and indicative quotes from market makers.

Privately placed fixed maturity securities are valued based on the credit quality and duration of comparable marketable securities, which may be securities of another issuer with similar characteristics. In some instances, a matrix-based pricing model is used. These models consider the current level of risk-free interest rates, corporate spreads, credit quality of the issuer and cash flow characteristics of the security. Additional factors such as net worth of the borrower, value of collateral, capital structure of the borrower, presence of guarantees and Athene’s evaluation of the borrower’s ability to compete in its relevant market are also considered. Privately placed fixed maturity securities are classified as Level 2 or 3.

Equity securities

Fair values of publicly traded equity securities are based on quoted market prices and classified as Level 1. Other equity securities, typically private equities or equity securities not traded on an exchange, are valued based on other sources, such as commercial pricing services or brokers, and are classified as Level 2 or 3.

Mortgage loans

Athene estimates fair value monthly using discounted cash flow analysis and rates being offered for similar loans to borrowers with similar credit ratings. Loans with similar characteristics are aggregated for purposes of the calculations. The discounted cash flow model uses unobservable inputs, including estimates of discount rates and loan prepayments. For mortgage loans that Athene has entered into an agreement to sell at a specified price, the fair value is based on the agreed upon price. Mortgage loans are classified as Level 3.

Investment funds

Investment funds are typically measured using NAV as a practical expedient in determining fair value and are not classified in the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value reflects a pro rata ownership percentage as indicated by NAV in the investment fund financial statements, which may be adjusted if it is determined NAV is not calculated consistent with investment company fair value principles. The underlying investments of the investment funds may have significant unobservable inputs, which may include but are not limited to, comparable multiples and WACC rates applied in valuation models or a discounted cash flow model.

Certain investment funds for which Athene has elected the fair value option are included in Level 3 and are priced based on market accepted valuation models. The valuation models use significant unobservable inputs, which include material non-public financial information, estimation of future distributable earnings and demographic assumptions.

Other investments

The fair values of other investments are determined using a discounted cash flow model using discount rates for similar investments.

Funds withheld at interest embedded derivatives

Funds withheld at interest embedded derivatives represent the right to receive or obligation to pay the total return on the assets supporting the funds withheld at interest or funds withheld liability, respectively, and are analogous to a total return swap with a floating rate leg. The fair value of embedded derivatives on funds withheld and modco agreements is measured as the unrealized gain (loss) on the underlying assets and classified as Level 3.

Derivatives

Derivative contracts can be exchange traded or over the counter. Exchange-traded derivatives typically fall within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy depending on trading activity. Over-the-counter derivatives are valued using valuation models or an income approach using third-party broker valuations. Valuation models require a variety of inputs, including contractual terms, market prices, yield curves, credit curves, measures of volatility, prepayment rates and correlation of the inputs. Athene considers and incorporates counterparty credit risk in the valuation process through counterparty credit rating requirements and monitoring of overall exposure. Athene also evaluates and includes its own nonperformance risk in valuing derivatives. The majority of Athene’s derivatives trade in liquid markets; therefore, it can verify model inputs and model selection does not involve significant management judgment. These are typically classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Interest sensitive contract liabilities embedded derivatives

Embedded derivatives related to interest sensitive contract liabilities with indexed annuity products and any corresponding reinsurance recoverable are classified as Level 3. The valuations include significant unobservable inputs associated with economic assumptions and actuarial assumptions for policyholder behavior.

AmerUs Closed Block

Athene elected the fair value option for the future policy benefits liability in the AmerUs Closed Block. The valuation technique is to set the fair value of policyholder liabilities equal to the fair value of assets. There is an additional component which captures the fair value of the open block’s obligations to the closed block business. This component is the present value of the projected release of required capital and future earnings before income taxes on required capital supporting the AmerUs Closed Block, discounted at a rate which represents a market participant’s required rate of return, less the initial required capital. Unobservable inputs include estimates for these items. The AmerUs Closed Block policyholder liabilities and any corresponding reinsurance recoverable are classified as Level 3.

ILICO Closed Block

Athene elected the fair value option for the ILICO Closed Block. The valuation technique is to set the fair value of policyholder liabilities equal to the fair value of assets. There is an additional component which captures the fair value of the open block’s obligations to the closed block business. This component uses the present value of future cash flows which include commissions, administrative expenses, reinsurance premiums and benefits, and an explicit cost of capital. The discount rate includes a margin to reflect the business and nonperformance risk. Unobservable inputs include estimates for these items. The ILICO Closed Block policyholder liabilities and corresponding reinsurance recoverable are classified as Level 3.

Universal life liabilities and other life benefits

Athene elected the fair value option for certain blocks of universal and other life business ceded to Global Atlantic. Athene uses a present value of liability cash flows. Unobservable inputs include estimates of mortality, persistency, expenses, premium payments and a risk margin used in the discount rates that reflect the riskiness of the business. The universal life policyholder liabilities and corresponding reinsurance recoverable are classified as Level 3.

Other liabilities

Other liabilities include funds withheld liability embedded derivatives, as described above in funds withheld at interest embedded derivatives, and a ceded modco agreement of certain inforce funding agreement contracts for which Athene elected the fair value option. Athene estimates the fair value of the ceded modco agreement by discounting projected cash flows for net settlements and certain periodic and non-periodic payments. Unobservable inputs include estimates for asset portfolio returns and economic inputs used in the discount rate, including risk margin. Depending on the projected cash flows and other assumptions, the contract may be recorded as an asset or liability. The estimate is classified as Level 3.

8. Deferred Acquisition Costs, Deferred Sales Inducements and Value of Business Acquired

The following represents a rollforward of DAC and DSI by product, and a rollforward of VOBA. See note 9 for more information on Athene’s products.