CARRIER GLOBAL Corp
For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Feb 5, 2026.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2025 · Filed Feb 5, 2026
CARR$52.38-1.6%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-11.
0001783180-25-000008
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-02-05.
0001783180-26-000008
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 108 previous paragraphs and 111 current paragraphs.
42 unchanged; 31 reworded; 36 added; 35 removed; 0 previous and 2 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 15 previous and 21 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (36)
Current report
We continue to actively monitor evolving macroeconomic conditions and recent trade policy announcements. Based on our updated analysis, we fully mitigated the impact of tariffs during 2025 through a combination of supply-chain adjustments, productivity initiatives and approximately $200 million of incremental product pricing actions. To date, tariffs have not had a material impact on our business and we are deploying additional strategies, including cost containment measures, to limit future exposure in the current market environment.
Current report
On December 16, 2025, we entered into a purchase agreement to sell our Riello business ("Riello") to Ariston Group with expected gross proceeds of approximately $430 million. Riello, predominantly reported in our Climate Solutions Europe segment, is a leading international manufacturer that designs, produces and integrates a comprehensive portfolio of thermal solutions including burners, boilers, heat pumps, cooling systems and aftermarket services for residential, commercial and industrial applications, with a strong focus on energy efficiency, innovation and a global distribution network. This transaction is expected to close in the first half of 2026 and is subject to customary closing conditions and regulatory approvals.
Current report
During 2024, we completed several activities designed to simplify our business portfolio, transforming it into a pure-play climate and energy solutions provider. On January 2, 2024, we acquired the climate solutions business (the "VCS Business") of Viessmann Group GmbH & Co. KG (together with its affiliates, “Viessmann”). The VCS Business, primarily reported in the Climate Solutions Europe segment, is a premier residential and light commercial heating, ventilating and air conditioning ("HVAC") provider in Europe that expanded our portfolio to offer a global, comprehensive suite of sustainable and innovative building and energy management solutions. In addition, we divested our Commercial and Residential Fire, Access Solutions and Industrial Fire businesses which were historically reported in our Fire & Security segment. The transactions represented a single disposal plan to separately divest multiple businesses over different reporting periods and met the criteria to be presented as discontinued operations. We also divested our Commercial Refrigeration business (“CCR”) during 2024. CCR, which was historically reported in the Climate Solutions Transportation segment (previously named Refrigeration), did not meet the criteria to be presented as discontinued operations.
Current report
Segment Reorganization
Current report
As a result of our portfolio transformation, we revised our reportable segments to better align our reporting structure with our business strategy, resource allocation and performance assessment. Under the revised segment structure, we have three new regional HVAC operating segments. Combined with the existing Climate Solutions Transportation operating segment, the four operating segments also serve as our reportable segments. This model is designed to create a simplified, more focused and customer-centric organization across the globe. Each segment reports through separate management teams which regularly review their operating results with our Chief Operating Decision Maker (the "CODM") determined in accordance with applicable accounting guidance. In connection with the revised structure, the CODM changed the measure used to evaluate segment profitability from Operating profit to Segment operating profit. All prior period comparative information has been recast to reflect the revised segment structure.
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Net sales was $21.7 billion, a 3% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Current report
The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2025 was lower than the Company's statutory U.S. federal income tax rate. The decrease was primarily driven by a net tax benefit of$64 million from changes to the German effective rate and a statutory reduction to the German corporate tax rate enacted during the year, a tax benefit of$49 million from the re-organization of a Japanese subsidiary and a$16 million tax benefit generated by the purchase of investment tax credits from a third-party.
Current report
Adjusted Operating Profit
Current report
We report our financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). In addition, we supplement the reporting of our financial information determined under GAAP with certain non-GAAP financial information. Adjusted operating profit is a non-GAAP measure that we define as consolidated operating profit (a GAAP measure), excluding restructuring costs, amortization of acquired intangibles and other significant items of a nonoperational nature. This measure is useful to investors because it is how management assesses the operating performance of the business. A reconciliation of the amounts prepared in accordance with GAAP to the corresponding non-GAAP measure appears below and provides additional information as to the items and amounts that have been excluded from the adjusted measure.
Current report
Adjusted operating profit may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies and should not be considered a substitute for Operating profit calculated in accordance with GAAP. The non-GAAP information presented provides investors with additional useful information, but should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the related GAAP measure. Moreover, other companies may define non-GAAP measures differently, which limits the usefulness of these measures for comparisons with such other companies. We encourage investors to review our financial statements and publicly filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure.
Current report
We have four operating segments:
Current report
•Climate Solutions Americas provides products, controls, services and solutions to meet the heating, cooling and ventilation needs of residential and commercial customers in North and South America while enhancing building performance, health, energy efficiency and sustainability.
Current report
•Climate Solutions Europe provides products, controls, services and solutions to meet the heating, cooling and ventilation needs of residential and commercial customers in Europe while enhancing building performance, health, energy efficiency and sustainability.
Current report
•Climate Solutions Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa provides products, controls, services and solutions to meet the heating, cooling and ventilation needs of residential and commercial customers in Asia Pacific, the Middle East and Africa while enhancing building performance, health, energy efficiency and sustainability.
Current report
Segment operating profit is the measure of profit and loss that our CODM uses to evaluate the financial performance of the business and as the basis for resource allocation, performance reviews and compensation. It represents operating profit (a GAAP measure) adjusted to exclude restructuring costs, amortization of acquired intangible assets and other significant items of a nonoperational nature.
Current report
A reconciliation of Segment operating profit to Adjusted operating profit is as follows:
Current report
Climate Solutions Americas
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Net sales were $10.5 billion, a 1% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Segment operating profitwas $2.2 billion, a 7% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Current report
The operational profit decrease of 7% was primarily attributable to volume reductions in certain end-markets compared with prior year. In addition, lower earnings from equity method investments and higher selling, general and administrative expenses further impacted the segment. These results were partially offset by favorable productivity initiatives and product mix.
Current report
Climate Solutions Europe
Current report
The organic decrease in Net sales of 3% was driven by ongoing challenges in certain end-markets compared with the prior year. Results in our residential and light commercial business decreased (down 5%) due to lower volumes across the region as economic conditions, inflationary cost pressures and regulatory uncertainty impacted end-market demand. These results were partially offset by growth in our commercial business (up 2%) as a result of end-market demand and improved price.
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Segment operating profit was $444 million, a 5% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Current report
The segment operational profit decrease of 8% was primarily attributable to volume reductions in certain end-markets compared with the prior year. In addition, unfavorable product mix and geographical mix further impacted the segment. These amounts were partially offset by favorable productivity initiatives, business integration synergies associated with the acquisition of the VCS Business and lower selling, general and administrative costs .
Current report
Climate Solutions Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Net sales were $3.3 billion, a 5% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Current report
The organic decrease in Net sales of 5% was driven by volume reductions within certain end-markets compared with the prior year. Results in China decreased (down 12%) as residential end-markets experienced economic challenges impacting both demand and price. Commercial end-markets in China were flat compared with the prior year. These results were partially offset by ongoing end-market demand in a majority of the region's remaining geographies.
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Segment operating profitwas $448 million, a 4% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Current report
The segment operational profit decrease of (7)% was primarily attributable to volume reductions within certain end-markets compared with the prior year. In addition, unfavorable price and product mix further impacted segment results. These reductions were partially offset by favorable productivity initiatives, lower selling, general and administrative expenses and higher earnings from equity method investments.
Current report
Climate Solutions Transportation
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Net sales were $2.9 billion, a 17% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Current report
The organic increase in Net salesof 4% was primarily driven by volume growth within certain end-markets compared with the prior year. Container results increased (up 31%) due to ongoing end-market demand and improved price. These results were partially offset by our global truck and trailer business (down 3%) as lower end-market demand in Asia and Europe more than offset modest growth in North America.
Current report
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Segment operating profitwas $452 million, a 7% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Current report
The segment decrease in operational profit of 7% was primarily driven by volume reductions in certain end-markets. In addition, costs associated with warranty-related issues further impacted the segment. These amounts were partially offset by favorable productivity initiatives, lower selling, general and administrative costs and higher volumes in certain end-markets. However, the higher volumes led to an unfavorable mix in the segment. Amounts reported in other represent a gain on the sale of equity method investments.
Current report
Our credit ratings are periodically reviewed by the major independent debt-rating agencies. As of December 31, 2025, Standards & Poor's Global Inc. and Moody’s Investor Service Inc. have ratings on our debt set forth in the table below:
Removed paragraphs (35)
Previous report
We are actively monitoring recent trade policy and tariff announcements including the three executive orders issued by the President in February 2025 directing the United States to impose new tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico and China and the subsequent announcement that the Administration intended to pause tariffs on Canada and Mexico for a month. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of the announced tariffs on our business and financial condition and actions we may take to mitigate the impact. In addition, we are currently monitoring the potential impact, if any, of actions taken by these countries in response to the announced tariffs. There can be no assurance that the future imposition of any tariffs, changes thereto or potential actions taken by countries in response to the tariffs will not have a material adverse effect upon our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity in any period or that any actions we take to mitigate the impact of the tariffs will be effective.
Previous report
Acquisition of Viessmann Climate Solutions
Previous report
On April 25, 2023, we announced that we entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) to acquire the climate solutions business (the "VCS Business") of Viessmann Group GmbH & Co. KG (“Viessmann”), a privately-held company. The VCS Business develops intelligent, integrated and sustainable technologies, including heat pumps, boilers, photovoltaic systems, home battery storage and digital solutions, primarily for residential customers in Europe. The acquisition was completed on January 2, 2024. As a result, the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the VCS Business are consolidated in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements as of the date of acquisition and reported within our HVAC segment.
Previous report
On June 2, 2024, we completed the sale of our Access Solutions business ("Access Solutions") for cash proceeds of $5.0 billion. Access Solutions, historically reported in our Fire & Security segment, is a global supplier of physical security and digital access solutions supporting the hospitality, commercial, education and military markets. We recognized a net gain on the sale of $1.8 billion, which is included in Discontinued operations, net of tax on the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Previous report
On July 1, 2024, we completed the sale of our Industrial Fire business ("Industrial Fire") for cash proceeds of $1.4 billion. Industrial Fire, historically reported in our Fire & Security segment, is a leading manufacturer of a full spectrum of fire detection and suppression solutions and services in critical high-hazard environments, including oil and gas, power generation, marine and offshore facilities, automotive, data centers and aircraft hangars. We recognized a net gain on the sale of $319 million, which is included in Discontinued operations, net of tax on the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Previous report
On October 1, 2024, we completed the sale of our Commercial Refrigeration business ("CCR") for cash proceeds of $679 million. CCR, historically reported in our Refrigeration segment, is a global supplier of turnkey solutions for commercial refrigeration systems and services, with a primary focus on serving food retail customers, cold storage facilities and warehouses. We recognized a gross gain on the sale of $318 million, which is included in Other income (expense), net on the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations during the year ended December 31, 2024. The net proceeds received are subject to working capital and other adjustments provided in the stock purchase agreement.
Previous report
On December 2, 2024, we completed the sale of our Commercial and Residential Fire business ("CRF Business") for cash proceeds of $2.9 billion. The CRF Business, historically reported in our Fire & Security segment, is a leading manufacturer of fire detection and alarm solutions for both commercial and residential applications. We recognized a net gain on the sale of $1.4 billion, which is included in Discontinued operations, net of tax on the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations during the year ended December 31, 2024. The net proceeds received are subject to working capital and other adjustments provided in the stock purchase agreement.
Previous report
Deconsolidation of Kidde-Fenwal, Inc.
Previous report
On May 14, 2023, Kidde-Fenwal, Inc. ("KFI"), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of ours, filed a petition for voluntary reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code ("Chapter 11") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. KFI, an industrial fire detection and suppression business historically reported in our Fire & Security segment, filed a voluntary petition with the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the “Bankruptcy Court”) seeking relief under chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. As of the petition date, KFI was deconsolidated and its respective assets and liabilities were derecognized from our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Previous report
For the year ended December 31, 2024, Net saleswas $22.5 billion, an 19% increase compared with the same period of 2023. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Previous report
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recognized a $96 million loss on the mark-to-market valuation of our window forward contracts associated with the expected cash outflows of the Euro-denominated purchase price of the VCS Business. In addition, the carrying value of our previously held equity investments in Toshiba Carrier Corporation ("TCC") were recognized at fair value at the date of acquisition. As a result, we recognized an $8 million non-cash loss associated with the increase in our ownership interest.
Previous report
The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2023, was higher than the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate. The increase was primarily driven by a net tax charge of $27 million relating to the re-organization and disentanglement of the CCR businesses in advance of the planned divestiture. In addition, the effective tax rate was impacted by the recognition of a deferred tax liability for withholding tax of $19 million on repatriated foreign earnings, non-deductible divestiture-related costs and a non-deductible loss of $96 million on the mark-to-market valuation of our window forward contracts associated with the expected cash outflows of the Euro-denominated purchase price of the VCS Business.
Previous report
We conduct our operations through two reportable segments:
Previous report
•The HVAC segment provides products, controls, services and solutions to meet the heating, cooling and ventilation needs of residential and commercial customers while enhancing building performance, health, energy efficiency and sustainability.
Previous report
We determine our segments based on how our Chief Executive Officer, who is the Chief Operating Decision Maker (the "CODM"), allocates resources, assesses performance and makes operational decisions. The CODM allocates resources and evaluates the financial performance of each of our segments based on Net sales and Operating profit. Adjustments to reconcile segment reporting to the consolidated results are included in Note 21 - Segment Financial Data.
Previous report
Due to the completion of our portfolio transformation activities in 2024, we anticipate changes to our management reporting structure and to the information provided to our CODM beginning in 2025. As a result, we are reassessing our reportable segment structure to align with any changes.
Previous report
HVAC Segment
Previous report
For the year ended December 31, 2024, Net sales in our HVAC segment was $19.1 billion, a 26% increase compared with the same period of 2023. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Previous report
On January 2, 2024, we acquired the VCS Business, a leading manufacturer of high efficiency heating and renewable energy systems in Europe. The results of the VCS Business have been included in our Consolidated Financial Statements since the date of acquisition. The transaction added 21% to Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2024, and is included in Acquisitions and divestitures, net.
Previous report
The operational profit increase of 23% was primarily attributable to ongoing customer demand and pricing improvements in certain end-markets compared with the prior year. In addition, favorable productivity initiatives further benefited the segment. These benefits more than offset volume reductions in certain end-markets. Higher earnings from equity method investments further benefited operational profit in the segment. The increase was partially offset by a $23 million charge associated with the devaluation of U.S. Dollar denominated balances at an HVAC equity investment in Egypt.
Previous report
Refrigeration Segment
Previous report
For the year ended December 31, 2024, Net sales in our Refrigeration segment was $3.5 billion, a 9% decrease compared with the same period of 2023. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Previous report
The organic decrease in Net salesof 1% was primarily driven by volume reductions within certain end-markets compared with the prior year. Transport results decreased (down 8%) compared to the prior year primarily due to lower end-market demand in North America. The reduction was partially offset by higher volumes in Asia and Europe. Results in the Container business (up 24%) was primarily driven by strong end-market demand and improved pricing.
Previous report
For the year ended December 31, 2024, Operating profit in our Refrigeration segment was $715 million, a 67% increase compared with the same period of 2023. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Previous report
The increase in operational profit of 2% was primarily driven by favorable productivity initiatives and price improvements compared with the prior year. In addition, volume growth in certain end-markets further benefited the segment. These amounts were partially offset by volume reductions in certain other end-markets. Amounts reported in Other represent $10 million of divestiture-related costs associated with the sale of CCR. In addition, the prior year includes a $24 million gain on the sale of a business within the Transport business.
Previous report
Acquisition of VCS Business
Previous report
On April 25, 2023, we announced that we entered into an Agreement to acquire the VCS Business. Under the terms of the Agreement, 20% of the purchase price was to be paid in Carrier common stock, issued directly to Viessmann and subject to certain lock-up provisions and 80% was to be paid in cash. Simultaneously, we entered into commitment letters with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., BofA Securities, Inc. and Bank of America, N.A. to provide a €8.2 billion senior unsecured bridge term loan facility (the "Bridge Loan") to fund a portion of the Euro-denominated purchase price.
Previous report
On May 19, 2023, we entered into a 364-day, $500 million, senior unsecured revolving credit agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and certain other lenders (the "Revolver"). In addition, we entered into a senior unsecured delayed draw term loan credit agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and certain other lenders that permits aggregate borrowings of up to €2.3 billion (the "Delayed Draw Facility"). Upon entering into the Delayed Draw Facility, the aggregate principal amount of the Bridge Loan was reduced by €2.3 billion. In November 2023, we issued $3.0 billion principal amount of USD-denominated notes ("USD Notes") and €2.35 billion principal amount of Euro-denominated notes ("Euro Notes"). Upon issuance, the aggregate principal amount of the Bridge Loan was reduced by €5.4 billion. On January 2, 2024, we entered into a 60-day senior unsecured term loan agreement consisting of a Euro-denominated tranche in an aggregate amount of €113 million and a USD-denominated tranche in an aggregate amount of $349 million (the “60-day Loan”). Upon entering into the 60-day Loan, we reduced the final portion of the Bridge Loan by €500 million and subsequently terminated the agreement.
Previous report
On January 2, 2024, we completed the acquisition of the VCS Business for $14.2 billion. The cash portion of the purchase price was funded through cash on hand, proceeds from the USD Notes and the Euro Notes and borrowings under the Delayed Draw Facility and the 60-day Loan. Proceeds from the Revolver became available upon closing.
Previous report
In March 2024, borrowings under the 60-day loan were repaid. In May 2024, the Revolver was terminated and refinanced in order to extend its maturity to May 2025 (the "364-day Revolver"). In June 2024, we redeemed our $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.80% notes due in 2025 and repaid borrowings under the Delayed Draw Facility, which was subsequently terminated. In addition, we completed tender offers on certain tranches of our notes in August 2024 which included $125 million of notes due 2034, $350 million of notes due 2054 and approximately $600 million of notes due 2050. In November 2024, we issued €750 million aggregate principal amount of 3.625% notes due 2037 and used the proceeds to redeem €750 million aggregate principal amount of 4.375% notes due in 2025. In December 2024, we terminated the 364-day Revolver as part of a transaction to refinance and replace prior credit agreements.
Previous report
The following table presents our credit ratings and outlook as of December 31, 2024:
Previous report
(1)The long-term rating was upgraded by Moody's to Baa2 on May 13, 2024. Fitch's was updated to BBB+ on October 18, 2024.
Previous report
(2) Fitch upgraded its short-term rating to F1 from F2 and revised its outlook to stable from positive on October 18, 2024.
Previous report
(3)S&P revised its outlook to positive from stable in December 2023.
Previous report
Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
Reworded paragraphs (31)
Previous wording
Carrier Global Corporation ("we" or "our") is a global leader in intelligent climate and energy solutions with a focus on providing differentiated, digitally-enabled lifecycle solutions to our customers. Our portfolio includes industry-leading brands such as Carrier, Viessmann, Toshiba, Automated Logic and Carrier Transicold that offer innovative heating, ventilating and air conditioning ("HVAC"), refrigeration and cold chain transportation solutions to help make the world safer and more comfortable. We also provide a broad array of related building services, including audit, design, installation, system integration, repair, maintenance and monitoring. Our operations are classified into two segments: HVAC and Refrigeration.
Current wording
Carrier Global Corporation ("we" or "our") is a global leader in intelligent climate and energy solutions with a focus on providing differentiated, digitally-enabled lifecycle solutions to our customers. Our portfolio includes industry-leading brands such as Carrier, Viessmann, Toshiba, Automated Logic and Carrier Transicold, among others, that offer innovative heating, cooling and cold chain solutions to enhance the lives we live and the world we share. We also provide a broad array of related building services, including audit, design, installation, system integration, repair, maintenance and monitoring. Our operations are classified into four segments: Climate Solutions Americas, Climate Solutions Europe, Climate Solutions Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa and Climate Solutions Transportation.
Previous wording
Through our performance-driven culture, we anticipate creating long-term shareowner value by investing strategically to strengthen our product position in homes, buildings and across the cold chain in order to drive profitable growth. We believe our business segments are well positioned to benefit from favorable secular trends, including the mega-trends of urbanization, population growth and demographic shifts, food security and safety, digitalization, global connectivity and energy efficiency. Coupled with our industry-leading brands and track record of innovation, we continue to provide market-leading solutions for our customers.
Current wording
Through our performance-driven culture, we anticipate creating long-term shareowner value by investing strategically to strengthen our product position in homes, buildings and across the cold chain in order to drive profitable growth. We believe our business segments are well positioned to benefit from favorable secular trends, including the mega-trends of urbanization, population growth and demographic shifts, food security and safety, electrification, increasing demand for climate control and accelerated digitalization. Coupled with our industry-leading brands and track record of innovation, we continue to provide market-leading solutions for our customers.
Previous wording
This discussion summarizes the significant factors affecting our consolidated results of operations, financial condition and liquidity for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared with December 31, 2023. This discussion should be read in conjunction with Item 8, the Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report. A detailed discussion of the year ended December 31,2023, compared with December 31, 2022, is not included herein and can be found in the Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section in the Company's 2023 Annual Report, filed with the SEC on February 6, 2024, under the heading "Results of Operations," which is incorporated herein by reference.
Current wording
This discussion summarizes the significant factors affecting our consolidated results of operations, financial condition and liquidity for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared with December 31, 2024. This discussion should be read in conjunction with Item 8, the Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report. A detailed discussion of the year ended December 31, 2024, compared with December 31, 2023, is not included herein and can be found in the Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section in the recast of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, included within Exhibit 99.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 29, 2025, under the heading "Results of Operations," which is incorporated herein by reference.
Previous wording
Organic sales for the year ended December 31, 2024, increased by 3% compared with the same period of 2023. The organic increase was primarily driven by our HVAC segment due to improved end-markets in the Americas, which more than offset reduced end-markets in EMEA and Asia. Results in our Refrigeration segment were down compared to the prior year as each of the segment's businesses experienced challenges in certain end-markets. Refer to "Segment Review" below for a discussion of Net sales by segment.
Current wording
Organic sales for the year ended December 31, 2025, decreased by 1% compared with the same period of 2024. The organic decrease was primarily due to our Climate Solutions Americas segment as reduced demand in certain end-markets resulted in lower volumes. In addition, lower end-market demand in both Climate Solutions Europe and Climate Solutions Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa further impacted results. These amounts were partially offset by improved end-market demand in our Climate Solutions Transportation segment. Refer to "Segment Review" below for a discussion of Net sales by segment.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, gross margin was $6.0 billion, a 16% increase compared with the same period of 2023. The components were as follows:
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2025, gross margin was $5.6 billion, a 6% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The components were as follows:
Previous wording
Gross margin increased by $819 million compared with the year ended December 31, 2023. The main driver of the increase related to ongoing customer demand, pricing improvements and our continued focus on productivity initiatives. Operating results associated with the VCS Business since the date of acquisition further benefited gross margin during the period. However, the results of the VCS Business included inventory step-up, backlog amortization and intangible asset amortization resulting from the recognition of acquired assets at fair value. These costs had a 260 basis point unfavorable impact on gross margin as a percentage of Net sales. As a result, gross margin as a percentage of Net sales decreased by 60 basis points compared with the same period of 2023.
Current wording
Gross margin decreased by $357 million compared with the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily due to lower volumes in certain end-markets partially offset by our continued focus on productivity initiatives. As a result, gross margin as a percentage of Net sales decreased by 70 basis points compared with the same period of 2024. The prior period included inventory step-up and backlog amortization resulting from the recognition of acquired assets of the VCS Business at fair value which are now fully amortized. These costs had a 130 basis point unfavorable impact on the prior period gross margin as a percentage of Net sales.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, operating expenses, including Equity method investment net earnings, was $3.3 billion, a 11% increase compared with the same period of 2023. The components were as follows:
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2025, operating expenses, including Equity method investment net earnings, was $3.5 billion, a 4% increase compared with the same period of 2024. The components were as follows:
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, Selling, general and administrative expenses were $3.2 billion, a 23% increase compared with the same period of 2023. The increase is primarily due to incremental expenses associated with the VCS Business since the date of acquisition. In addition, higher compensation and other employee-related costs further contributed to the increase. The current year also included $95 million of acquisition and divestiture-related costs compared with $123 million during the year ended December 31, 2023.
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Selling, general and administrative expenses were $3.1 billion, a 3% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The decrease relates to productivity initiatives associated with our portfolio transformation and synergies associated with the integration of the VCS Business. In addition, foreign currency translation further benefitted results. These benefits were partially offset by higher compensation and other employee-related costs. In addition, the current year also included $56 million of acquisition and divestiture-related costs compared with $95 million during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Previous wording
Research and development costs relate to new product development and new technology innovation. Due to the variable nature of program development schedules, year-over-year spending levels can fluctuate. In addition, we continue to invest to prepare for future energy efficiency and refrigerant regulation changes and in digital controls technologies.
Current wording
Research and development costs relate to new product development and new technology innovation. Due to the variable nature of program development schedules, year-over-year spending levels can fluctuate. In addition, we continue to invest to prepare for future product innovations and digital controls technologies.
Previous wording
Investments over which we do not exercise control, but have significant influence, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. For the year ended December 31, 2024, Equity method investment net earnings were $231 million, a 9% increase compared with the same period of 2023. The increase was primarily driven by higher earnings in HVAC joint ventures across all regions. The increase was partially offset by a $23 million charge associated with the devaluation of U.S. Dollar denominated balances at an HVAC equity investment in Egypt. In addition, prior year results include a $16 million benefit recognized in connection with a favorable tax ruling at a minority owned joint venture.
Current wording
Investments over which we do not exercise control, but have significant influence, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. For the year ended December 31, 2025, Equity method investment net earnings were $229 million, a 1% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. The decrease was primarily driven by lower earnings in joint ventures within our Climate Solutions Americas segment.
Previous wording
Other income (expense), net primarily includes the impact of gains and losses related to the sale of businesses or interests in our equity method investments, foreign currency gains and losses on transactions that are denominated in a currency other than an entity's functional currency and hedging-related activities. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we completed the sale of CCR and recognized a gain on the sale of $318 million. In addition, we recognized a $46 million gain associated with our share of United Technologies Corporation's conclusion of certain income tax matters from their 2017 and 2018 tax audit with the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"). In connection with the acquisition of the VCS Business, we recognized an $86 million loss on the mark-to-market valuation of our window forward contracts associated with the expected cash outflows of the Euro-denominated purchase price.
Current wording
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we completed the sale of CCR and recognized a gain on the sale of $318 million. In addition, we recognized a $46 million gain associated with our share of United Technologies Corporation's conclusion of certain income tax matters from their 2017 and 2018 tax audit with the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"). In connection with the acquisition of the VCS Business, we recognized an $86 million loss on the mark-to-market valuation of our window forward contracts associated with the expected cash outflows of the Euro-denominated purchase price.
Previous wording
For theyear ended December 31, 2024, Non-operating income (expense), net was $372 million, a 131% increase compared with the same period of 2023. The components were as follows:
Current wording
For theyear ended December 31, 2025, Non-operating income (expense), net was $374 million, a 1% increase compared with the same period of 2024. The components were as follows:
Previous wording
Non-operating income (expense), net includes the results from activities other than normal business operations such as interest expense, interest income and the non-service components of pension and post-retirement obligations. Interest expense is affected by the amount of debt outstanding and the interest rates on that debt. For the year ended December 31, 2024, interest expense was $580 million, a 90% increase compared with the same period of 2023. During 2024, we redeemed $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of USD-denominated 5.80% notes due in 2025 and redeemed €750 million aggregate principal amount of 4.375% Euro-denominated notes due 2025 with the proceeds from the issuance of €750 million aggregate principal amount of 3.625% Euro-denominated notes due 2037. In addition, we completed tender offers to repurchase approximately $1.1 billion aggregate principal which included $125 million of notes due 2034, $350 million of notes due 2054, and approximately $600 million of notes due 2050. Combined, we incurred make-whole premiums of $14 million in Interest expense, wrote off $17 million of unamortized deferred financing costs in Interest expense and recognized a net gain of $97 million in Interest income. During 2023, we entered into several financing arrangements in connection with the acquisition of the VCS Business and capitalized $105 million of deferred financing costs. As a result, we amortized $55 million of deferred financing costs in Interest expense, of which $47 million related to our senior unsecured bridge term loan facility (the "Bridge Loan").
Current wording
Non-operating income (expense), net includes the results from activities other than normal business operations such as interest expense, interest income and the non-service components of pension and post-retirement obligations. Interest expense is affected by the amount of debt outstanding and the interest rates on that debt. For the year ended December 31, 2025, interest expense was $458 million, a 21% decrease compared with the same period of 2024. Consistent with our capital allocation strategy, we reduced our outstanding debt by approximately $3 billion over the course of 2024 and repaid an additional $1.2 billion during 2025. During 2024, we incurred make-whole premiums of $14 million in Interest expense, wrote off $17 million of unamortized deferred financing costs in Interest expense and recognized a net gain of $97 million in Interest income.
Previous wording
The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2024, was higher than the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate. The increase was primarily driven by a net tax charge of $650 million related to a re-organization of the VCS Business and a non-deductible loss of $86 million on the mark-to-market valuation of our window forward contracts associated with the expected cash outflows of the Euro-denominated purchase price of the VCS Business, partially offset by the lower effective tax rate on the $318 million gain on the sale of CCR and $44 million of foreign tax credits generated and utilized in the current year.
Current wording
The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2024 was higher than the Company's statutory U.S. federal income tax rate. The increase was primarily driven by a net tax charge of $650 million related to a re-organization of the VCS Business and a non-deductible loss of $86 million on the mark-to-market valuation of the Company's window forward contracts associated with the expected cash outflows of the Euro-denominated purchase price of the VCS Business. These amounts were partially offset by the lower effective tax rate on the $318 million gain on the sale of CCR and $44 million of foreign tax credits generated and utilized in the current year.
Previous wording
•The Refrigeration segment includes transport refrigeration and monitoring products, services and digital solutions for trucks, trailers, shipping containers, intermodal and rail.
Current wording
•Climate Solutions Transportation includes global transport refrigeration and monitoring products, services and digital solutions for trucks, trailers, shipping containers, intermodal and rail.
Previous wording
The organic increase in Net sales of 5% was driven by continued strong results in the segment. Growth in the Americas (up 9%) was primarily driven by our Commercial and Residential businesses which benefited from ongoing customer demand and pricing improvements. Moderate growth in our Light Commercial business was due to improved pricing compared with the prior year. EMEA (down 1%) continues to be impacted by reduced volumes in residential markets. The reduction was partially offset by ongoing customer demand and pricing improvements in our Commercial business. Results in Asia (down 2%) were impacted by lower demand in the region, primarily in China.
Current wording
The organic decrease in Net sales of 1% was driven by volume reductions within certain end-markets compared with the prior year. Lower volume in our residential business (down 9%) was primarily due to reduced end-market demand and distributor destocking. In addition, lower volume in our light commercial business (down 20%) further impacted segment results. These results were partially offset by growth in our commercial business (up 23%) primarily driven by ongoing customer demand and improved price.
Previous wording
For the year ended December 31, 2024, Operating profitin our HVAC segment was $2.3 billion, a 1% increase compared with the same period of 2023. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Current wording
For the year ended December 31, 2025, Net sales were $5.0 billion, a 1% increase compared with the same period of 2024. The components of the year-over-year change were as follows:
Previous wording
On October 1, 2024, we divested CCR, a global supplier of turnkey solutions for commercial refrigeration systems and services. The results of CCR are excluded from our Consolidated Financial Statements subsequent to the divestiture date. The transaction reduced Net Sales by 8% for the year ended December 31, 2024, and is included in Acquisitions and divestitures, net.
Current wording
On October 1, 2024, we divested CCR, a global supplier of turnkey solutions for commercial refrigeration systems and services. The results of CCR are excluded from our Consolidated Financial Statements subsequent to the divestiture date. The transaction is included in Acquisitions and divestitures, net as part of the year-over-year change.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2024, we had Cash and cash equivalents of $4.0 billion, of which approximately 44% was held by our foreign subsidiaries. We manage our worldwide cash requirements by reviewing available funds and the cost effectiveness with which we can access funds held by foreign subsidiaries. On occasion, we are required to maintain cash deposits in connection with contractual obligations related to acquisitions or divestitures or other legal obligations. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the amount of such restricted cash was $3 million and $1 million, respectively.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2025, we had Cash and cash equivalents of $1.6 billion, of which approximately 94% was held by our foreign subsidiaries. We manage our worldwide cash requirements by reviewing available funds and the cost effectiveness with which we can access funds held by foreign subsidiaries. On occasion, we are required to maintain cash deposits in connection with contractual obligations related to acquisitions or divestitures or other legal obligations. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the amount of such restricted cash was $2 million and $3 million, respectively.
Previous wording
We maintain a $2.0 billion unsecured, unsubordinated commercial paper program which we can use for general corporate purposes, including the funding of working capital and potential acquisitions. In addition, we maintain a$2.5 billion revolving credit agreement with various banks (the "Revolving Credit Facility")that matures in December 2029 which supports our commercial paper borrowing program and can be used for general corporate purposes. A ratings-based commitment fee is charged on unused commitments. As of December 31, 2024, we had no borrowings outstanding under our commercial paper program or our Revolving Credit Facility.
Current wording
We maintain a $2.0 billion USD-denominated facility and a $500 million Euro-denominated facility as part of an unsecured, unsubordinated commercial paper program which we can use for general corporate purposes, including the funding of working capital and potential acquisitions. In addition, we maintain a$2.5 billion revolving credit agreement with various banks (the "Revolving Credit Facility")that matures in December 2029 which supports our commercial paper borrowing program and can be used for general corporate purposes. A ratings-based commitment fee is charged on unused commitments. As of December 31, 2025, we had $325 million and zero borrowings outstanding under our commercial paper program and our Revolving Credit Facility, respectively.
Previous wording
Our short-term obligations primarily consist of current maturities of long-term debt. Our long-term obligations primarily consist of long-term notes with maturity dates ranging between 2025 and 2054. Interest payments related to long-term notes are expected to approximate $420 million per year, reflecting an approximate weighted-average interest rate of 3.5%. Any borrowings from the Revolving Credit Facility are subject to variable interest rates. See Note 7 -Borrowings and Lines of Credit in the accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the terms of our long-term debt obligations.
Current wording
Our short-term obligations primarily consist of current maturities of long-term debt. Our long-term obligations primarily consist of long-term notes with maturity dates ranging between 2027 and 2054. Interest payments related to long-term notes are expected to approximate $408 million per year, reflecting an approximate weighted-average interest rate of 3.7%. Any borrowings from the Revolving Credit Facility are subject to variable interest rates. See Note 7 -Borrowings and Lines of Credit in the accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the terms of our long-term debt obligations.
Previous wording
On June 2, 2024, we completed the divestiture of Access Solutions for cash proceeds of $5.0 billion. On July 1, 2024, we completed the divestiture of Industrial Fire for cash proceeds of $1.4 billion. On October 1, 2024, we completed the divestiture of CCR for cash proceeds of $679 million, subject to customary working capital and other adjustments. On December 2, 2024, we completed the divestiture of the CRF Business for cash proceeds of $2.9 billion, subject to customary working capital and other adjustments. Consistent with our capital allocation strategy, the net proceeds will be used to fund repayment of debt, investments in organic and inorganic growth initiatives and capital returns to shareowners as well as for general corporate purposes.
Current wording
On June 2, 2024, we completed the divestiture of Access Solutions for cash proceeds of $5.0 billion. On July 1, 2024, we completed the divestiture of Industrial Fire for cash proceeds of $1.4 billion. On October 1, 2024, we completed the divestiture of CCR for cash proceeds of $679 million. On December 2, 2024, we completed the divestiture of the CRF Business for cash proceeds of $2.9 billion. Consistent with our capital allocation strategy, the net proceeds were to fund repayment of debt, investments in organic and inorganic growth initiatives and capital returns to shareowners as well as for general corporate purposes. Further, on December 16, 2025, we entered into a purchase agreement to sell our Riello business with expected gross proceeds of approximately $430 million, and the transaction is expected to close in the first half of 2026 and is subject to customary closing conditions and regulatory approvals.
Previous wording
We may purchase our outstanding common stock from time to time subject to market conditions and at our discretion. Repurchases occur in the open market or through one or more other public or private transactions pursuant to plans complying with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 under the Exchange Act. Since the initial authorization in February 2021, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $7.1 billion of our outstanding common stock which includes a $3 billion increase approved in October 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the Company repurchased 70.1 million shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $3.9 billion. As a result, the Company has approximately $3.2 billion remaining under the current authorization at December 31, 2024.
Current wording
We may purchase our outstanding common stock from time to time subject to market conditions and at our discretion. Repurchases occur in the open market or through one or more other public or private transactions pursuant to plans complying with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 under the Exchange Act. Since the initial authorization in February 2021, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $12.1 billion of our outstanding common stock which includes a $5 billion increase approved in October 2025. As of December 31, 2025, the Company repurchased 114.9 million shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $6.8 billion. As a result, the Company has approximately $5.3 billion remaining under the current authorization at December 31, 2025.
Previous wording
We paid dividends on our common stock of $0.76 per share during the year ended December 31, 2024, totaling $670 million. On December 6, 2024, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.225 per share payable on February 7, 2025, to shareowners of record at the close of business on December 20, 2024.
Current wording
We paid dividends on our common stock of $0.90 per share during the year ended December 31, 2025, totaling $772 million. On December 3, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.24 per share payable on February 9, 2026, to shareowners of record at the close of business on January 20, 2026.
Previous wording
Cash flows from continuing operating activities primarily represent inflows and outflows associated with our continuing operations. Primary activities include net earnings from continuing operations adjusted for non-cash transactions, working capital changes and changes in other assets and liabilities. The year-over-year decrease in net cash provided by continuing operating activities was primarily driven by an increase in working capital balances compared with the prior period. Improved inventory levels and lower customer receivable balances were more than offset by lower accounts payable balances.
Current wording
Cash flows from continuing operating activities primarily represent inflows and outflows associated with our continuing operations. Primary activities include net earnings from continuing operations adjusted for non-cash transactions, working capital changes and changes in other assets and liabilities. The year-over-year increase in net cash provided by continuing operating activities was primarily driven by an increase in net earnings and distributions from equity method investments. In addition, cash conversion on long-term contracts further benefited operating cash flow. These increases were partially offset by changes in working capital balances compared with the prior period.
Previous wording
Cash flows from continuing investing activities primarily represent inflows and outflows associated with long-term assets. Primary activities include capital expenditures, acquisitions, divestitures and proceeds from the sale of fixed assets. During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash used in continuing investing activities was $11.0 billion. The primary driver of the outflow related to the acquisition of the VCS Business, which totaled $10.8 billion, net of cash acquired. Additional investing outflows include $264 million related to settlement of derivatives and $519 million of capital expenditures. These outflows were partially offset by net proceeds of $634 million related to divestitures. During the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash used in continuing investing activities was $504 million. The primary driver of the outflow related to $439 million of capital expenditures. In addition, we settled working capital and other transaction-related items associated with the acquisition of Toshiba Carrier Corporation and invested in several businesses. These amounts totaled $84 million, net of cash acquired and were partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of a business during the period.
Current wording
Cash flows from continuing investing activities primarily represent inflows and outflows associated with long-term assets. Primary activities include capital expenditures, acquisitions, divestitures and proceeds from the sale of fixed assets. During the year ended December 31, 2025, net cash used in continuing investing activities was $343 million. The primary driver of the outflow related to $392 million of capital expenditures offset by $105 million related to settlement of derivatives. During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash used in continuing investing activities was $11 billion. The primary driver of the outflow related to the acquisition of the VCS Business, which totaled $10.8 billion, net of cash acquired. Additional investing outflows include $264 million related to settlement of derivatives and $519 million of capital expenditures. These outflows were partially offset by net proceeds of $634 million related to divestitures.
Previous wording
Cash flows from continuing financing activities primarily represent inflows and outflows associated with equity or borrowings. Primary activities include debt transactions, paying dividends to shareowners and the repurchase of our common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash used in continuing financing activities was $4.6 billion. The primary driver of the outflow is due to repayments of long-term debt of $5.3 billion which includes prepayments of the Delayed Draw Facility, redemption of our 5.80% notes due in 2025 and 4.375% notes due in 2025 and tender offers of approximately $1.1 billion. In addition, we made payments totaling $1.9 billion to repurchase shares of our common stock and dividend payments of $670 million to our common shareowners. These outflows were partially offset by the proceeds of borrowings used to fund the cash portion of the acquisition of the VCS Business and the November 2024 issuance of our 3.625% notes due 2037. During the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash provided by continuing financing activities was $4.6 billion. The primary driver of the inflow related to the issuance of the USD Notes and the Euro Notes related to the acquisition of the VCS Business. The inflow was partially offset by the payment of $620 million in dividends to our common shareowners. In addition, we paid $62 million to repurchase shares of our common stock.
Current wording
Cash flows from continuing financing activities primarily represent inflows and outflows associated with equity or borrowings. Primary activities include debt transactions, paying dividends to shareowners and the repurchase of our common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2025, net cash used in continuing financing activities was $4.7 billion. The primary driver of the outflow was related to repurchases of our common stock totaling $2.9 billion. In addition, we made long-term debt repayments of $1.2 billion and dividend payments of $772 million to our common shareowners. During the year ended December 31, 2024, net cash used in continuing financing activities was $4.6 billion. The primary driver of the outflow was due to repayments of long-term debt of $5.3 billion. In addition, we made payments totaling $1.9 billion to repurchase common stock and dividend payments of $670 million to our common shareowners. These outflows were partially offset by the proceeds of borrowings used to fund the cash portion of the acquisition of the VCS Business.
Previous wording
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with those accounting principles requires management to use judgement in making estimates and assumptions based on the relevant information available at the end of each period. These estimates and assumptions have a significant effect on reported amounts of assets, liabilities, sales and expenses as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities because they result primarily from the need to make estimates and assumptions on matters that are inherently uncertain. Actual results could differ from management's estimates.
Current wording
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with those accounting principles requires management to use judgment in making estimates and assumptions based on the relevant information available at the end of each period. These estimates and assumptions have a significant effect on reported amounts of assets, liabilities, sales and expenses as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities because they result primarily from the need to make estimates and assumptions on matters that are inherently uncertain. Actual results could differ from management's estimates.
Previous wording
In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350"), goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested and reviewed annually for impairment or whenever there is a material change in events or circumstances that indicate that the fair value of the asset is more likely than not less than the carrying amount of the asset. We test our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually as of the first day of our third quarter, or more frequently if events or circumstances occur.
Current wording
In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350"), goodwill is tested and reviewed annually for impairment on July 1 or whenever there is a material change in events or circumstances that indicates that the fair value of the reporting unit may be less than its carrying value.
Previous wording
For our 2024 goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment tests, we elected to perform qualitative step zero assessments for all tests (except one) to determine if it was more likely than not that the fair values of our reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets were below carrying value. We considered macroeconomic factors including global economic growth, general macroeconomic trends for the markets in which our reporting units operate and where the intangible assets are utilized and the forecasted growth of the global industrial products industry. In addition to these macroeconomic factors, among other things, we considered the reporting units’ current results and forecasts, changes in the nature of each business, any significant legal, regulatory, contractual, political or other business climate factors, changes in the industry and competitive environment, changes in the composition or carrying amount of net assets and any intention to sell or dispose of a reporting unit or cease the use of any indefinite-lived intangible assets. Based upon our qualitative analysis, we determined that our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets werenot impaired.
Current wording
For our 2025 goodwill impairment tests, we elected to perform qualitative step zero assessments for all tests, except for our Climate Solutions Europe reporting unit, to determine if the fair values of our reporting units were below carrying value. This constitutes the entire Climate Solutions Europe segment. We considered macroeconomic factors including global economic growth, general macroeconomic trends for the markets in which our reporting units operate and the forecasted growth of the global industrial products industry. In addition to these macroeconomic factors, among other things, we considered the reporting units’ current results and forecasts, changes in the nature of each business, any significant legal, regulatory, contractual, political or other business climate factors, changes in the industry and competitive environment, changes in the composition or carrying value of net assets and any intention to sell or dispose of a reporting unit or a significant portion of a reporting unit. Based upon our qualitative analysis, we determined that our goodwill wasnot impaired.
Previous wording
For the remaining goodwill test, we elected to perform a quantitative test to determine if it was more likely than not that the fair value of our Refrigeration reporting unit was below carrying value. We utilized a discounted cash flow method under the income approach to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit. The approach relies on our estimates of future cash flows, long-term growth rates, discount rates and income tax rates and explicitly addressed factors such as timing, growth and margins with due consideration given to forecasting, market and geographic risk. The results did not indicate any goodwill impairment. A significant increase in the discount rate, decrease in the long-term growth rate or substantial reductions in our end markets and volume assumptions could have a negative impact on the estimated fair value of this reporting unit.
Current wording
For the remaining goodwill test, we elected to perform a quantitative test to determine if the fair value of our Climate Solutions Europe reporting unit was below carrying value. We utilized a discounted cash flow method under the income approach to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit. Key assumptions used in estimating future cash flows included the revenue growth rate, earnings before interest and income taxes margin, discount rate, and terminal growth rate, among others and explicitly addressed factors such as timing, growth and margins with due consideration given to forecasting, market and geographic risk. Upon completion of the test, the reporting unit had a fair value of approximately 14% above its carrying value. As a result, the test did not indicate any goodwill impairment. A significant increase in the discount rate, decrease in the long-term growth rate or substantial reductions in our end markets and volume assumptions could have a negative impact on the estimated fair value of this reporting unit.
Rearranged current paragraphs (2)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Other income (expense), net primarily includes the impact of gains and losses related to the sale of businesses or interests in our equity method investments, foreign currency gains and losses on transactions that are denominated in a currency other than an entity's functional currency and hedging-related activities. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we finalized the working capital and other adjustments provided in the stock purchase agreement governing the sale of CCR and recognized gains on sale of several equity method investments.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Year Ended December 31, 2025 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2024