Cronos Group Inc

Cronos reports its financial results in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). This Annual Report refers to measures not recognized under U.S. GAAP (“non-GAAP measures”). These non-GAAP measures do not have a standardized meaning prescribed by U.S. GAAP and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Rather, these non-GAAP measures are provided as a supplement to corresponding U.S. GAAP measures to provide additional information regarding our results of operations from management’s perspective. Accordingly, non-GAAP measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All non-GAAP measures presented in this Annual Report are reconciled to their closest reported U.S. GAAP measure. Reconciliations of historical adjusted financial measures to corresponding U.S. GAAP measures are provided below.

Adjusted EBITDA

Management reviews Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure, which excludes non-cash items and items that do not reflect management’s assessment of ongoing business performance. Management defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before interest, tax expense (benefit), depreciation and amortization adjusted for: share of (income) loss from equity method investments; impairment loss on goodwill and intangible assets; impairment loss on long-lived assets; (gain) loss on revaluation of derivative liabilities; (gain) loss on revaluation of financial instruments; gain on revaluation of loan receivable; gain on revaluation of equity method investment; transaction costs related to strategic projects; loss on held-for-sale assets; impairment loss on other investments; foreign currency transaction loss; other, net; loss from discontinued operations; restructuring costs; inventory write-downs resulting from restructuring actions; share-based compensation; costs related to the Israel Ministry of Economy and Industry dumping inquiry; purchase accounting adjustment-related inventory step-up adjustments recorded through cost of sales; and financial statement review costs and reserves related to the restatements of our 2019 and 2021 interim financial statements (the “Restatements”), including the costs related to the settlement of the SEC’s and the OSC’s investigations of the Restatements and legal costs of defending shareholder class action complaints brought against us as a result of the 2019 restatement (see Note 12(b) “Contingencies,” to the consolidated financial statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report for a discussion of the shareholder class action complaints relating to the restatement of the 2019 interim financial statements and the settlement of the SEC’s and the OSC’s investigations of the Restatements). Results are reported as total consolidated results, reflecting our reporting structure of one reportable segment.

Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA provides the most useful insight into underlying business trends and results and provides a more meaningful comparison of period-over-period results. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA for planning, forecasting and evaluating business and financial performance, including allocating resources and evaluating results relative to employee compensation targets.

The following tables set forth a reconciliation of Net income (loss) as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated:

(i)For the year ended December 31, 2024, impairment loss on long-lived assets included $14,258 related to the write-down of our Ginkgo Exclusive Licenses and $1,631 related to the cessation of operations of Cronos Fermentation. For the year ended December 31, 2023, impairment loss on long-lived assets related to certain leased properties associated with the Company’s former U.S. operations and impairment of the Ginkgo Collaboration Agreement’s CBCVA exclusive license. For the year ended December 31, 2022, impairment loss on long-lived assets related to the Company’s decision to seek a sublease for leased office space in Toronto, Ontario, Canada during the first quarter of 2022. See Note 7 “Property, Plant and Equipment, net” and Note 8 “Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net” to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

(ii)For the year ended December 31, 2024, a revaluation gain on loan receivable was recognized as a result of the Cronos GrowCo Transaction on July 1, 2024.

(iii)For the year ended December 31, 2024, a gain on revaluation of equity method investment was recognized as a result of the Cronos GrowCo Transaction on July 1, 2024.

(iv)For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the (gain) loss on revaluation of derivative liabilities represented the fair value changes on the derivative liabilities. See Note 10 “Derivative Liabilities” to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

(v)For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, (gain) loss on revaluation of financial instruments related primarily to our unrealized holding (gain) or loss (as applicable) on our mark-to-market investment in Vitura as well as revaluations of financial liabilities resulting from deferred share units (“DSUs”) granted to directors. See Note 5 “Investments” and Note 11 “Share-based Compensation” to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

(vi)For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, impairment loss on other investments related to the PharmaCann Option for the difference between its fair value and carrying amount. See Note 5 “Investments”to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

(vii)For the year ended December 31, 2024, transaction costs represented legal, financial and other advisory fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Cronos GrowCo Transaction. These costs are included in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statements of net income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss).

(viii)For the year ended December 31, 2024, a loss on held-for-sale assets was recognized as a result of the change in the Company’s sales strategy for the Cronos Fermentation assets to market the assets to a broader buyer pool.

(ix)For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, other, net primarily related to (gain) loss on disposal of assets.

(x)For the year ended December 31, 2024, restructuring costs from continuing operations related to shutdown costs at the Cronos Fermentation Facility, as well as employee-related severance costs associated with the Realignment, as described in Note 18 “Restructuring” to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 restructuring costs related to the employee-related severance costs and other restructuring costs associated with the Realignment. See Note 18 “Restructuring”to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

(xi)For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, share-based compensation related to the vesting expenses of share-based compensation awarded to employees under our share-based award plans, as described in Note 11 “Share-based Compensation” to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

(xii)For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, financial statement review costs included costs related to the Restatement, costs related to the Company’s responses to requests for information from various regulatory authorities relating to the Restatements, the costs related to the Settlement Order and Settlement Agreement and legal costs defending shareholder class action complaints brought against the Company as a result of the 2019 restatement as well as related insurance reimbursements.

(xiii)For the year ended December 31, 2023, inventory write-downs from discontinued operations related to product destruction and obsolescence associated with the exit of our U.S. operations as described in Note 3 “Discontinued Operations” to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.and inventory write-downs from continuing operations related to product destruction and obsolescence associated with the planned exit of Cronos Fermentation as described in Note 18 “Restructuring” to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

(xiv)For the year ended December 31, 2024, inventory step-up recorded to cost of sales represented the portion of the inventory step-up from the Cronos GrowCo Transaction that was recorded through the consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss).

(xv)For the year ended December 31, 2024, Israel Ministry of Economy and Industry dumping inquiry expense included expenditures relating to the regulatory inquiry about alleged dumping of medical cannabis products in Israel and related litigation and external relations expenses.

Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Margin

To supplement the consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we have presented Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Margin, non-GAAP measures that exclude the impacts of inventory-related purchase accounting adjustments from the calculations of gross profit and gross margin, which resulted from the Cronos GrowCo Transaction. Results are reported as total consolidated results, reflecting our reporting structure of one reportable segment.

Management believes that Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Margin provide useful insight into underlying business trends to facilitate comparisons of period-over-period results by removing the impacts of inventory-related purchase accounting adjustments resulting from the Cronos GrowCo Transaction, which reflect a one-time event and do not reflect management’s assessment of ongoing business performance.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Gross profit and Gross margin, each as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, to Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted Gross Margin, respectively, for the periods indicated:

(i)Gross margin is defined as gross profit divided by net revenue.

(ii)Adjusted Gross Margin is defined as Adjusted Gross Profit divided by net revenue.

Constant Currency

To supplement the consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we have presented constant currency adjusted financial measures for net revenues, gross profit, gross profit margin, operating expenses, net income (loss) and Adjusted EBITDA for 2024, as well as cash and cash equivalents and short-term investment balances as of December 31, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023, which are considered non-GAAP financial measures. We present constant currency information to provide a framework for assessing how our underlying operations performed excluding the effect of foreign currency rate fluctuations. To present this information, current and prior period income statement results in currencies other than U.S. dollars are converted into U.S. dollars using the average exchange rates from the comparative period in 2023 rather than the actual average exchange rates in effect during 2024; constant currency current period balance sheet information is translated at the prior year-end spot rate rather than the current year-end spot rate. All growth comparisons relate to the corresponding period in 2023. We have provided this non-GAAP financial information to aid investors in better understanding the performance of our business. The non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Annual Report should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, the measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The table below sets forth certain measures of consolidated results from continuing operations on an as-reported and constant currency basis for 2024 compared to 2023, as well as cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments as of December 31, 2024, compared to December 31, 2023, on an as-reported and constant currency basis (in thousands):

Net revenue

For 2024, net revenue on a constant currency basis was $119.0 million, representing a 36% increase from 2023. Net revenue increased on a constant currency basis primarily due to higher cannabis flower and extract sales in the Canadian market and higher cannabis flower sales in Israel and other countries. The Cronos GrowCo Transaction contributed $6.5 million of cannabis flower sales in the year ended December 31, 2024 on a constant currency basis. No such sales were recognized for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Gross profit

For 2024, gross profit on a constant currency basis was $25.5 million, representing a 114% increase from 2023. Gross profit increased on a constant currency basis primarily due to higher cannabis flower and extract sales in the Canadian market, higher cannabis flower sales in Israel and other countries, and production cost improvements, partially offset by the impact on cost of sales from the inventory step-up from the Cronos GrowCo Transaction. For 2024, gross profit on a constant currency basis was reduced $5.1 million as a result of the impact of the inventory step-up from the Cronos GrowCo Transaction that was recorded into cost of sales since July 1, 2024. No such costs were recognized for 2023.

Operating expenses

For 2024, operating expenses on a constant currency basis were $103.0 million, representing a 6% increase from 2023. Operating expenses increased on a constant currency basis primarily due to the impairment of the Ginkgo Exclusive Licenses, partially offset by lower salaries and benefits, professional fees and restructuring costs.

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

For 2024, net income (loss) from continuing operations on a constant currency basis was $42.0 million, compared to a loss of $70.4 million for 2023.

Adjusted EBITDA

For 2024, Adjusted EBITDA on a constant currency basis was $(35.9) million, representing a 42% improvement from 2023. Adjusted EBITDA improved on a constant currency basis primarily due to higher cannabis flower and extract sales in the Canadian market, higher cannabis flower sales in Israel and other countries, production cost improvements, and decreases in general and administrative, sales and marketing and research and development expenses.

Cash and cash equivalents & short-term investments

Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments on a constant currency basis increased 1% to $869.8 million as of December 31, 2024 from $861.5 million as of December 31, 2023. The increase in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments is primarily due to cash flows provided by operating activities in 2024.