Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc.

Liquidity

Our primary liquidity requirements include debt service, funding dividends on Preferred Stock and working capital needs. We fund our liquidity requirements primarily through cash generated from operations, external sources of financing, including our Credit Agreement, senior notes, and equity offerings, and our Preferred Stock, each of which are described below and in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report in further detail. We believe that our current operating plan and borrowings available under our Credit Agreement will be sufficient to satisfy our foreseeable liquidity needs and capital expenditure requirements, including for at least the next twelve months. We may elect to raise additional capital through the sale of additional equity or debt financing to fund business activities such as strategic acquisitions, capital expenditures, working capital needs or other purposes beyond the next twelve months. Additional financing may not be available on terms favorable to the Company or at all, and may also be impacted by any disruptions in the financial markets. In addition, the Company's existing indebtedness could limit its ability to obtain additional financing.

Cash and Cash Flows

The following discussion on our cash flows is inclusive of continued and discontinued operations, consistent with our presentation on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows in accordance with GAAP.

As of December 31, 2025, our cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash totaled $201.4 million, and we had total debt of $321.1 million as well as $191.7 million of gross Preferred Stock outstanding. Our foreign business locations held $9.0 million of our total cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash as of December 31, 2025. In general, our foreign cash balances are not available to fund our U.S. operations unless the funds are repatriated or used to repay intercompany loans made from the U.S. to foreign entities, which could expose us to taxes we have not made a provision for in our results of operations. We have no plans to repatriate these funds to the U.S. We had $66.8 million of restricted cash as of December 31, 2025 related to collateral for certain letters of credit as part of funding for several ongoing projects.

Cash flows used in operating activities was $68.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2025, which is primarily attributable to the current year net loss, including discontinued operations, of $36.2 million and non-cash adjustments arising from gain on sale of business of $38.9 million, partially offset by the impairment of long-lived assets of $9.9 million and depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets of $10.1 million. Cash flows used in operating activities also included movements in certain operating assets and liabilities such as advanced billings on contracts of $50.7 million and contracts in progress of $19.7 million, which are primarily impacted by timing differences related to progress made on ongoing projects, billings, and collections, and may fluctuate significantly period to period. These were partially offset by operating cash flow decreases from accounts payable of $57.9 million, pension liabilities, accrued postretirement benefits and employee benefits of $10.6 million and accounts receivable - trade, net of $16.5 million, which are result of timing of vendor payments, contributions made to the plan and timing of ongoing collections, respectively.

Cash flows used in operating activities was $118.7 million in the year ended December 31, 2024, which is primarily attributable to the current year net loss, including discontinued operations, of $59.9 million, and non-cash adjustments arising from the BWRS sale of $58.9 million, partially offset by the mark to market, prior service cost amortization for pension and postretirement plans of $34.9 million and depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets of $16.7 million. Cash flows used in operating activities also included movements in certain operating assets and liabilities such as utilization of contracts in progress of $41.6 million and accounts receivable -trade, net of $12.2 million, which are primarily impacted by timing differences related to progress made on ongoing projects, billings, and collections, accrued and other current liabilities of $28.5 million resulting from the timing of payments to vendors, and pension liabilities, accrued postretirement benefits and employee benefits of $16.8 million.

Cash flows provided by investing activities totaled $197.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2025, primarily due to proceeds from the sale of businesses of $216.3 million, partially offset by purchases of fixed assets primarily relating to BrightLoop™projects. Cash flows provided by investing activities totaled $110.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily related to $120.9 million of proceeds from our divestitures, partially offset by $11.2 million of capital expenditures primarily relating to BrightLoop™projects.

Cash flows used in financing activities was $58.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2025, primarily related to the redemption of our Senior Notes due 2026 of $110.7 million, net repayments on the Axos Credit Agreement of $54.3 million and payments of Preferred Stock dividends of $14.9 million, partially offset by proceeds of $130.1 million pursuant to our at-the-market offerings as described in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Cash flows provided by financing activities of $69.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily related to the net borrowings on the Axos Credit Agreement of $93.7 million, partially offset by Preferred Stock dividend payments of $18.6 million and debt issuance costs of $8.5 million.

Debt and Credit Facilities

As described in Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included herein, we entered into a Credit Agreement in January 2024. This agreement substantially replaces the existing Reimbursement Agreement, Revolving Credit Agreement and Letter of Credit Agreement. We completed the transition of letters of credit outstanding under the Letter of Credit Agreement and Reimbursement Agreement to the Credit Agreement in August 2024. Information related to our Debt and Credit Facilities is described in Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and is incorporated herein by reference.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably expected to have, a material current or future effect on its financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources as of December 31, 2025.