Allegiant Travel CO
For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 7, 2025.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2025 · Filed May 7, 2025
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-09-30; filed 2024-11-05.
0001362468-24-000061
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-03-31; filed 2025-05-07.
0001362468-25-000022
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 123 previous paragraphs and 102 current paragraphs.
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Tables are not compared: 7 previous and 5 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (36)
Current report
First Quarter 2025 Review
Current report
First quarter 2025 highlights include:
Current report
•Record total average ancillary fare of $79.28 per passenger, up 4.7 percent year-over-year driven by reintroduction of a third ancillary product bundle offering, Allegiant Extra expansion, Allianz travel insurance, and cobrand credit card strength
Current report
•Operating income of$65.0 million, yielding an operating margin of 9.3 percent
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•Airline-only operating income of $60.9 million, yielding an airline-only operating margin of 9.1 percent, a more than five-point improvement over the prior year
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•Income before income taxof$41.9 million, yielding a pre-tax margin of 6.0 percent
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•Airline-only income before income tax of$49.6 million, yielding an airline-only pre-tax margin of 7.4 percent
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•Airline-only operating CASM, excluding fuelof 8.07 ¢, down 9.0 percent year-over-year
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•Ended the quarter with 19 million total active Allways Rewards members
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•The only US Airline named by Newsweek as one of America's Most Loved Brands 2025
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Business and Macroeconomic Conditions
Current report
The Presidential administration is in the process of expanding the scope of tariffs and significantly increasing the tariff rates on goods imported into the U.S. In response, foreign governments have imposed, and are expected to impose, retaliatory measures against the U.S.
Current report
These or additional changes in U.S. or international trade policies, along with continued uncertainty surrounding these policies, could lead to continuing weakness in the airline and hospitality industries, which may adversely impact our operations through increased supply chain challenges, commodity price volatility and a decline in discretionary spending and consumer confidence, among others. We continue to monitor how these factors could impact our business.
Current report
Optimizing Utilization
Current report
Sunseeker Resort at Charlotte Harbor opened in December 2023. As with many new hotels or resorts, Sunseeker's booking and occupancy rates are lower than more established properties. Although Sunseeker produced operating income in the three months ended March 31, 2025, we expect losses to continue in 2025. We have hired experienced advisors to seek a capital partner to purchase the Resort or an interest in the Resort. These efforts are progressing but remain subject to many uncertainties and may not be successful.
Current report
We believe this alliance is consistent with the DOT's goal of providing maximum benefits to the public, as the alliance is expected to increase competition, reduce transborder fares and provide increased nonstop service for our consumers traveling between the U.S. and Mexico.
Current report
The alliance is anticipated to add new transborder routes and nonstop competition where currently only connecting service is available. More than 250 new potential nonstop route opportunities have been identified as part of the DOT application, though specific routes targeted for service will be announced at a later date, following the application's approval. We and VivaAerobus expect to offer flights under the alliance after governmental approval of the applications.
Current report
Passenger revenue. Passenger revenue increased $36.8 million or 6.3 percent compared to first quarter 2024 driven by an 8.6 percent increase in scheduled service passengers on a 14.4 percent increase in scheduled service capacity. The increase in scheduled service passengers was offset by a 2.1 percent decrease in scheduled service total fare which resulted from a 9.1 percent decline in average base fare offset by a 5.6 percent increase in average ancillary fare. The higher ancillary revenue was driven in part by sales of Allegiant Extra. Since March 31, 2024, we have configured an additional 53 aircraft with the extra legroom seating for our Allegiant Extra offering, bringing the total number to 68 aircraft as of March 31, 2025.
Current report
Third party products revenue. Third party products revenue increased $1.8 million or 5.4 percent compared to first quarter 2024. This growth was primarily driven by a $1.1 million increase in car rental revenue and a $1.2 million increase from our new travel insurance product implemented during first quarter 2024. These increases were partially offset by smaller decreases in hotel room revenue and the marketing component of co-brand revenue.
Current report
Fixed fee contract revenue. Fixed fee contract revenue decreased $2.6 million or 13.8 percent compared to first quarter 2024 on a 13.4 percent decrease in fixed fee departures. Volume for sports flying decreased as the result of having less aircraft time available to dedicate to fixed fee flying during March Madness compared to the prior year quarter.
Current report
Resort and other revenue. Resort and other revenue increased $6.7 million or 27.5 percent compared to first quarter 2024. Resort occupancy was 70.3 percent compared to 39.2 percent in first quarter 2024, which represents a significant improvement over the Resort's first full quarter of operations in the prior year quarter. Revenue driven by increased occupancy was partially offset by a decrease in average daily rate to $284 from $327 during first quarter 2024 and an $0.8 million decrease in food & beverage revenues.
Current report
Airline operating CASM, excluding fuel and airline special charges. Airline operating CASM, excluding fuel and airline special charges, decreased 9.0 percent to 8.07 ¢ from 8.87 ¢ in first quarter 2024. The primary driver of the CASM-ex decrease was a 14.2 percent increase in ASMs, resulting from our targeted efforts to increase utilization in our more profitable peak periods. Virtually every expense line item was lower on a per ASM basis due in part to the increase in capacity.
Current report
Salaries and benefits expense. Airline salaries and benefits expense increased $20.9 million or 10.5 percent compared to first quarter 2024. The increase was primarily attributable to the new collective bargaining agreement with our flight attendant group that took effect on April 1, 2024 and to a 15.5 percent increase in total block hours flown compared to first quarter 2024.
Current report
Salaries and benefits expense at Sunseeker Resort decreased $2.8 million or 19.9 percent compared to first quarter 2024 due to a 34.4 percent decrease in average full-time equivalent employees as we adjusted staffing to better correspond with the needs of the Resort.
Current report
Station operations expense. Station operations expense increased $7.0 million or 10.6 percent compared to first quarter 2024. The increase was primarily driven by a 13.7 percent year-over-year increase in departures that resulted in a corresponding rise in airport landing fees, ground handling, deicing, and other stations-related expenses. The increase in costs was partially offset by a reduction in passenger compensation resulting from smoother winter operations (that is, fewer irregular operations events this quarter).
Current report
Depreciation and amortization expense. Airline depreciation and amortization expense increased $1.8 million or 3.2 percent compared to first quarter 2024. This increase was primarily driven by a $1.0 million increase in capitalized software amortization resulting from the airline's implementation of new enterprise resource planning ("ERP") systems throughout 2024, a $1.3 million increase in heavy maintenance amortization, and a slight increase in engine depreciation, which were partially offset by decreases in aircraft and ground equipment depreciation.
Current report
Sunseeker Resort depreciation and amortization decreased $2.4 million or 39.7 percent compared to first quarter 2024, primarily as the result of an impairment loss recorded in fourth quarter 2024 which reduced the carrying amount of Resort assets.
Current report
Maintenance and repairs expense. Maintenance and repairs expense increased $4.6 million or 15.1 percent compared to first quarter 2024, which remained relatively flat on a per ASM basis.
Current report
Sales and marketing expense. Airline sales and marketing expense decreased $5.5 million or 19.1 percent compared to first quarter 2024, primarily due to a non-recurring item related to our credit card agreement that offset expenses in first quarter 2025 and decreases in sponsorship related expenses.
Current report
Sunseeker Resort sales and marketing expense increased $0.2 million or 12.0 percent compared to first quarter 2024. The Sunseeker segment saw an increase in credit card fees in proportion to the 28.5% increase in revenues, which was offset by cost savings related to a more targeted approach in marketing efforts.
Current report
Other operating expense. Other operating expense decreased $12.3 million or 25.9 percent compared to first quarter 2024. Airline other operating expenses decreased by $12.2 million primarily as a result of gains on opportunistic sales of flight equipment and decreases in crew travel, legal and software support expense.
Current report
Sunseeker Resort other operating expenses were relatively flat compared to the prior year quarter.
Current report
Special charges. In first quarter 2025, we recorded a $1.6 million net credit to special charges, which includes $1.4 million in accelerated depreciation due to the early retirement of airframes as part of a revised fleet plan extending through 2026. This was more than offset by $2.9 million in net insurance recoveries during the quarter related to losses from Sunseeker weather events that occurred between 2022 and 2024.
Current report
As of March 31, 2025, we had $275.0 million of undrawn capacity under revolving credit facilities and $69.1 million remaining available under aircraft financing facilities. In April 2025 we entered into an additional aircraft financing commitment totaling $221.3 million, which will be funded when the associated aircraft deliver.
Current report
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we borrowed $224.5 million, of which $174.5 million was secured by aircraft and aircraft related assets. In the same period, we also repaid $280.6 million in principal, including prepayment of the remaining $100.0 million principal balance related to our Sunseeker construction loan. As of March 31, 2025, we had $275.0 million undrawn and available under our revolving credit facilities.
Current report
Financing Activities. Cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $69.0 million, compared to $23.5 million during the same period in 2024. The change was primarily driven by a $249.1 million increase in principal repayments on long term debt and finance lease obligations, which was offset by a $205.7 million increase in proceeds from issuance of debt.
Removed paragraphs (50)
Previous report
Third Quarter 2024 Review
Previous report
Third quarter 2024 highlights include:
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•Gregory Anderson assumed the role of chief executive officer on September 1, 2024
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•Took delivery of our first 737 MAX aircraft on September 9, 2024
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•Total fixed fee contract revenue of $20.6 million, up 15.9 percent year-over-year
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•Total average ancillary fare of $74.02, up 3.1 percent year-over-year driven by strength in air ancillary products such as seat and bag charges and cobrand credit card remuneration.
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•Enrolled 448 thousand new Allways Rewards members during the third quarter
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•Controllable completion rate of 99.5 percent achieved despite the impact of the CrowdStrike outage in July
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•Published our 2023 Sustainability Report reaffirming our sustainability goals
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•Named the number one Best Airline Credit Card and Best Frequent Flyer program in USA TODAY's 10Best 2024 Readers' Choice Awards for the sixth consecutive year
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(1)December 31, 2023 figure does not include one aircraft of which we had taken delivery, but was not in service as of that date.
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(4)September 30, 2024 figure does not include one 737 MAX aircraft of which we had taken delivery, but was not in service as of that date.
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Increasing Utilization
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Sunseeker Resort at Charlotte Harbor opened in December 2023. As with many new hotels or resorts, Sunseeker's booking and occupancy rates are lower than more established properties. In addition, occupancy has been compromised by three major hurricanes impacting the area in summer and fall 2024. Despite strong performance by our food and beverage offerings, Sunseeker will incur significant losses in its first year of operations. Our customer reviews continue to be positive and we hope to build on that favorable customer sentiment to achieve better financial performance of the Resort in the future. We have engaged experienced hospitality advisors to identify areas for improvement in an effort to seek to optimize the value of this asset and evaluate strategic alternatives with potential partners.
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Establishment of ESG Goals
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We have established ESG goals in the areas of environmental, social and governance. We will report on our progress toward meeting those goals within our annual sustainability reports. Our 2023 Sustainability Report was recently published and can be viewed on our investor relations website.
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Passenger revenue. For third quarter 2024, passenger revenue decreased $27.3 million or 5.3 percent compared to the same period in 2023 on relatively flat capacity. The decrease in passenger revenue was primarily driven by a 9.6 percent decrease in average scheduled service base fare, coupled with a 0.9 percent decrease in passengers flown, compared to third quarter 2023. Flight cancellations due to the CrowdStrike globlal outage in July, Hurricane Debby in August and Hurricane Helene in September contributed to the decline in passenger revenue. Air ancillary revenue per passenger remained flat when compared to third quarter 2023, despite certain challenges with the transition to the Navitaire system. Revenue per departure is higher for aircraft converted to the Allegiant Extra configuration. During the quarter we converted 13 aircraft to the Allegiant Extra configuration, ending the period with a total of 39 aircraft in this configuration.
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Third party products revenue. Third party products revenue for third quarter 2024 increased $8.5 million or 27.4 percent compared to third quarter 2023. The increase from 2023 is primarily driven by a 29.7 percent increase in the marketing component of co-brand credit card revenues and $2.5 million of revenue from a new travel insurance product implemented during first quarter 2024. In addition, third party hotel revenues declined by 20.0 percent from third quarter 2023 on a 16.2 percent decline in rooms booked. Car rental revenue increased by 6.7 percent over third quarter 2023 despite a 4.0 percent decrease in rental car days sold.
Previous report
Fixed fee contract revenue. Fixed fee contract revenue for third quarter 2024 increased by $2.8 million or 15.9 percent compared to the same period in 2023. This growth was driven by an 8.2 percent increase in fixed fee departures and a 7.1 percent increase in revenue per departure. Increases in flying were evenly spread across military, ad hoc and vacation charters.
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These expense line items include Sunseeker Resort activity
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Operating CASM, excluding fuel, airline special charges, and Sunseeker Resort activity. Operating CASM, excluding fuel, airline special charges and Sunseeker Resort activity ("CASM-ex"), increased by 4.7 percent to 8.89 ¢ for third quarter 2024 from 8.49 ¢ in third quarter 2023. The CASM-ex increase is primarily attributable to a 15.1 percent, or $24.1 million, increase in airline salaries and benefits expense in third quarter 2024 over third quarter 2023 (for the reasons described in the expense line item discussion below). This increase was on relatively flat capacity as we continue to incur significant labor costs for pilots trained to fly our Boeing 737 MAX aircraft while the aircraft deliveries have been delayed.
Previous report
Salaries and benefits expense. Salaries and benefits expense increased $32.3 million, or 19.8 percent, in third quarter 2024 compared to third quarter 2023. Higher salaries and benefits expense was primarily driven by a 4.5 percent increase in airline full time equivalent employees (including a 21.9 percent increase in the number of pilots employed since September 30, 2023) and increased crew pay. Increased crew pay reflects the impact of a $23.7 million accrual for pilot retention bonuses during third quarter 2024, which exceeds the third quarter 2023 accrual by $5.0 million due to the higher number of pilots, and a new collective bargaining agreement with our flight attendants that includes wage increases effective April 2024. The accrued pilot retention bonus is payable after ratification of a new collective bargaining agreement with this work group. The opening of Sunseeker Resort in December 2023 further drove the increase by adding nearly 600 Resort team members since September 30, 2023 and an increase of $8.2 million in Sunseeker salaries and benefits expense in third quarter 2024.
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Station operations expense. Station operations expense for third quarter 2024 increased $6.0 million, or 9.3 percent compared to third quarter 2023. The increase was driven in part by a $3.2 million increase in passenger compensation partially as the result of the CrowdStrike outage in July. The increase in station operations expense also includes a $1.6 million increase in building rents and increases in airport, landing, and ground handling fees.
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Depreciation and amortization expense. Depreciation and amortization expense for third quarter 2024 increased by $8.1 million or 14.5 percent compared to third quarter 2023. The increase is primarily attributed to $7.8 million of depreciation expense related to the Sunseeker Resort, which held its grand opening in December 2023. The remaining change includes an increase in deferred heavy maintenance amortization offset by a decrease in aircraft depreciation as nine airframes were retired since the prior year quarter.
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Maintenance and repairs expense. Maintenance and repairs expense for third quarter 2024 decreased $5.2 million, or 14.7 percent, compared to third quarter 2023, due to decreases in rotable repairs and decreased outsourced labor expenses as we have been able to stabilize internal staffing.
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Sales and marketing expense. Sales and marketing expense for third quarter 2024 decreased by $3.6 million or 12.6 percent compared to the same period in 2023. Airline sales and marketing expense decreased $4.5 million related to the discontinuation of a marketing agreement and decreases in direct marketing efforts and credit card fees. These decreases were offset by a $0.9 million increase in sales and marketing expense at the Sunseeker Resort.
Previous report
Other operating expense. Other operating expense increased $11.1 million or 37.8 percent in third quarter 2024 compared to third quarter 2023. The increase was primarily driven by an $8.1 million increase in Sunseeker Resort operating expenses consisting of $1.8 million cost of sales (primarily food and beverage), $2.1 million of insurance expense, $0.9 million of property taxes, and other general and administrative expenses. Other operating expenses related to the airline increased by $5.0 million due primarily to crew travel, software licenses and support, and property taxes. These increases were offset in part by gains on the sale of flight equipment.
Previous report
Special charges. During third quarter 2024, we recorded $8.8 million of special charges including $4.2 million of accelerated depreciation from the early retirement of 21 airframes through 2026 pursuant to a revised fleet plan, $3.4 million of compensation expense from an organizational restructuring, and $1.1 million of damages from Hurricane Helene, net of insurance recoveries, related to Sunseeker Resort.
Previous report
Comparison of nine months ended September 30, 2024 to nine months ended September 30, 2023
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Operating Revenue
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Passenger revenue. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, passenger revenue decreased $104.9 million or 5.9 percent compared with the same period in 2023 on relatively flat capacity. The decrease in passenger revenue was primarily driven by an 8.5 percent decrease in average scheduled service base fare coupled with a 1.8 percent decrease in passengers flown. The lower base fare is attributable to industry overcapacity prevalent during 2024 and weaker demand in off-peak periods. We expect our Allegiant Extra product to increase ancillary air revenue as it is deployed in more of our aircraft. We ended the quarter with 39 aircraft fitted to the Allegiant Extra configuration and anticipate that it will continue to drive fare growth going forward.
Previous report
Third party products revenue. Third party products revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $24.0 million or 28.0 percent over the same period in 2023. The increase from 2023 is primarily the result of a 35.0 percent increase in the marketing component of co-brand credit card revenues and $7.2 million of revenue from a new travel insurance product implemented during first quarter 2024. In addition, third party hotel revenues increased slightly by 3.3 percent from the prior year period despite a 12.9 percent decrease in room nights booked. Car rental revenue was relatively flat over the prior year period on a 2.8 percent decrease in rental car days sold.
Previous report
Fixed fee contract revenue. Fixed fee contract revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $13.5 million or 31.0 percent compared to the same period in 2023 on a 30.7 percent increase in fixed fee departures as a result of strong performance during March Madness and growth in corporate and military charters and other sports flying.
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Operating Expenses
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These expense line items include Sunseeker Resort activity
Previous report
Operating CASM, excluding fuel, airline special charges, and Sunseeker Resort activity. Operating CASM, excluding fuel, airline special charges and Sunseeker Resort activity, increased by 8.1 percent to 8.65 ¢ for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from 8.00 ¢ for the same period in 2023. The CASM-ex increase is primarily attributable to an 18.0 percent or $88.6 million increase in airline salaries and benefits expense (for the reasons described in the expense line item discussion below). This increase was on relatively flat capacity as we continue to incur significant labor costs for pilots trained to fly our Boeing 737 MAX aircraft while the aircraft deliveries have been delayed.
Previous report
Salaries and benefits expense. Salaries and benefits expense increased $118.8 million, or 23.8 percent, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. Higher salaries and benefits expense was primarily driven by a 4.5 percent increase in airline full-time equivalent employees (including a 21.9 percent increase in the number of pilots employed since September 30, 2023) and increased crew pay. Increased crew pay includes the impact of a $69.6 million accrual for pilot retention bonuses during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, of which $39.2 million is incremental to what was accrued in the same period in 2023 as the accruals did not commence until May 2023, and a new collective bargaining agreement with our flight attendants that includes wage increases effective April 2024. The accrued pilot retention bonus is payable after completion of a new collective bargaining agreement with this work group. The opening of Sunseeker Resort in December 2023 further drove the increase by adding nearly 600 Resort team members since September 30, 2023 and an increase of $30.2 million in Sunseeker salaries and benefits expense during the nine month period.
Previous report
Aircraft fuel expense. Aircraft fuel expense decreased $31.6 million, or 6.1 percent, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. This is primarily driven by a 6.6 percent decrease in average fuel cost per gallon. The decrease in fuel cost was partially offset by an 0.8 percent increase in fuel gallons consumed on a 0.9 percent increase in total available seat miles.
Previous report
Station operations expense. Station operations expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $14.0 million or 7.3 percent. This is primarily driven by a $5.3 million increase in building rents, a $4.6 million increase in passenger compensation, largely driven by disruption from the CrowdStrike outage in July, and other general increases in airport, landing, and ground handling fees.
Previous report
Depreciation and amortization expense. Depreciation and amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $28.7 million or 17.4 percent compared to the same period in 2023. The increase is primarily attributable to $19.7 million of depreciation expense related to the Sunseeker Resort, which opened in December 2023. The remaining change of $9.0 million is primarily driven by increases in deferred heavy maintenance amortization of $8.2 million, software depreciation of $3.2 million (related to several new systems implemented since July 2023), and rotable depreciation of $2.0 million, offset by a decrease in airframe depreciation of $5.9 million as the result of nine airframes retired since the end of third quarter 2023.
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Previous wording
The following discussion and analysis presents factors that had a material effect on our results of operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Also discussed is our financial position as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and our consolidated financial statements appearing in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements. Please refer to the section below entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements.
Current wording
The following discussion and analysis presents factors that had a material effect on our results of operations during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. Also discussed is our financial position as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and our consolidated financial statements appearing in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements. Please refer to the section below entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements.
Previous wording
•Total operating revenue of $562.2 million, down 0.6 percent over the prior year
Current wording
•Total operating revenue of $699.1 million, up 6.5 percent over the prior year, on capacity growth of 14.2 percent year-over-year and an 8.4 percent increase in passengers.
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•$36.5 million in total cobrand credit card remuneration, up 18.7 percent from the prior year
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•$36.1 million in total cobrand credit card remuneration received from Bank of America
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•As of September 30, 2024, we had 535 thousand total Allegiant Allways Rewards Visa cardholders
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•As of March 31, 2025, we had 558,000 total Allegiant Allways Rewards Visa cardholders
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(2)Includes 23 aircraft under finance lease and 13 aircraft under operating lease as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023.
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(1)Includes 23 aircraft under finance lease and 13 aircraft under operating lease as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024.
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(3)Includes four aircraft under operating lease as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
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(2)Includes four aircraft under operating lease as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
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As of September 30, 2024, we are a party to forward purchase agreements for 49 aircraft with one delivery currently expected in 2024, and the remaining 48 aircraft are expected to be delivered in 2025 and later years. The timing of these deliveries is based on management's best estimates at the current time and differs from the contract in place. The delivery schedule has been and will continue to be impacted by delay notices from Boeing, continuing regulatory reviews of Boeing, supply chain constraints, and labor issues at Boeing. We received delivery of our first 737 MAX aircraft in September 2024 and have since placed it into revenue service in October 2024.
Current wording
As of March 31, 2025, we are party to forward purchase agreements for 42 aircraft with eight of these deliveries expected in 2025 and the remainder between 2026 and 2028. The timing of these deliveries is based on management's best estimates.
Previous wording
Due to the heavy maintenance needs on certain aging Airbus airframes and capacity constraints at the maintenance, repair, and overhaul contractors, we reevaluated our fleet plan and identified 21 aging airframes for early retirement to coincide with the delivery schedule for our 737 MAX aircraft provided in an amendment to our Boeing purchase agreement signed in September 2023. Two airframes were retired in 2023 and six airframes were retired during the first nine months of 2024. The remaining airframes are to be retired between December 2024 and December 2026. The timing of the retirements was coordinated with the revised delivery schedule for the 737 MAX aircraft to provide us with opportunities for fleet renewal and replacement. The accelerated depreciation on these airframes resulting from a change in the estimated useful life is being recorded as a special charge, of which $4.2 million was recorded during third quarter 2024. We plan to retain the engines associated with these airframes in our spare engine pool and use the substantial remaining life on these engines to offset future overhaul costs.
Current wording
Due to the heavy maintenance needs on certain aging Airbus airframes and capacity constraints at the maintenance, repair, and overhaul contractors, we reevaluated our fleet plan and identified 21 aging airframes for early retirement to coincide with the delivery schedule for our 737 MAX aircraft provided in an amendment to our Boeing purchase agreement signed in September 2023. Two airframes were retired in 2023, seven in 2024, and two more during the first three months of 2025. The remaining ten airframes identified are to be retired between August 2025 and December 2026. The timing of the retirements was coordinated with the revised delivery schedule for the 737 MAX aircraft to provide us with opportunities for fleet renewal and replacement. The accelerated depreciation on these airframes resulting from a change in the estimated useful life is being recorded as a special charge, of which $1.4 million was recorded during first quarter 2025. We plan to retain the engines associated with these airframes in our spare engine pool and use the substantial remaining life on these engines to offset future overhaul costs.
Previous wording
As of September 30, 2024, we were selling 542 routes versus 549 as of the same date in 2023. Growth of our network in the past two years has been impacted by challenges created by delayed aircraft deliveries, the uncertainty of our pilot staffing levels and other factors. Network growth will continue to be affected by further aircraft delivery delays, aircraft in heavy maintenance and airport construction and disruption. We have identified over 1,400 incremental domestic nonstop routes as opportunities for future network growth, of which over 77 percent currently have no non-stop service. Our total active number of origination cities and leisure destinations were 88 and 34, respectively, as of September 30, 2024.
Current wording
As of March 31, 2025, we were selling 577 routes versus 556 as of the same date in 2024. Growth of our network in the past two years has been impacted by challenges created by delayed aircraft deliveries, the uncertainty of our pilot staffing levels and other factors. Network growth will continue to be affected by timing of aircraft deliveries, aircraft in heavy maintenance, airport construction and disruption, and other impacts arising from recent macroeconomic factors creating softer air travel demand. We have identified over 1,400 incremental domestic nonstop routes as opportunities for future network growth, of which over 78 percent currently have no non-stop service. Our total active number of origination cities and leisure destinations were 85 and 34, respectively, as of March 31, 2025.
Previous wording
The cost of fuel is volatile, as it is subject to many economic and geopolitical factors we can neither control nor predict. Significant increases in fuel costs could materially affect our operating results and profitability. We have not sought to use financial derivative products to hedge our exposure to fuel price volatility, nor do we have any plans to do so in the future.
Current wording
The cost of fuel remains volatile, influenced by numerous economic and geopolitical factors beyond our control or prediction. Significant increases in fuel costs could materially impact our operating results and profitability. We have not used financial derivative products to hedge against fuel price volatility, nor do we have any plans to do so in the future.
Previous wording
The cost per gallon of fuel began to increase significantly in 2021, and the increases were exacerbated by the geopolitical impact of the war in Ukraine. Although the average fuel cost per gallon decreased 12.9 percent in third quarter 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, fuel cost per gallon for the quarter remained 23.4 percent higher than in full year 2019. We expect high fuel costs to continue impacting our total costs and operating results.
Current wording
Since 2021, fuel costs have risen significantly, further exacerbated by ongoing geopolitical tensions, including the war in Ukraine and recent developments in Iran. Although the average fuel cost per gallon decreased 13.9 percent in first quarter 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, fuel cost per gallon for the quarter remained 19.7 percent higher than in full year 2019. Higher fuel costs may continue to impact our total costs and operating results.
Previous wording
We are in the midst of an effort to increase aircraft utilization back to 2019 levels by adding service to our schedule in our most profitable peak periods. By way of example, our aircraft utilization rate was 9.8 hours per aircraft in July 2019 compared to 7.7 hours per aircraft in July 2024. We have made progress toward this goal in 2024 and currently expect to achieve this goal during 2025, but this effort is subject to various risks, some of which may not be under our control.
Current wording
We are in the midst of an effort to thoughtfully increase aircraft utilization back to 2019 levels by adding service to our schedule in our most profitable peak periods. By way of example, our aircraft utilization rate was 8.9 hours per aircraft in March 2025 compared to 9.7 hours per aircraft in March 2019 and 7.4 hours per aircraft in March 2024. We will continue to evaluate the benefits of utilization increases in the current economic environment. These efforts are subject to various risks, some of which may not be under our control.
Previous wording
We have signed an agreement and amendments with The Boeing Company to purchase 50 newly manufactured 737 MAX aircraft with options to purchase up to an additional 80 737 MAX aircraft. We took delivery of our first MAX aircraft in September 2024, with the aircraft entering revenue service in October 2024. We believe this new aircraft purchase is complementary with our low-cost strategy based on our intent to retain ownership of the aircraft, the longer useful life for depreciation purposes, and expected fuel savings and operational reliability from the use of these new aircraft.
Current wording
We have signed an agreement and amendments with Boeing to purchase 50 newly manufactured 737 MAX aircraft with options to purchase up to an additional 80 737 MAX aircraft. We took delivery of four 737 MAX aircraft in 2024 and four in the first quarter of 2025, all of which have entered revenue service. We believe this new aircraft purchase is complementary with our low-cost strategy based on our intent to retain ownership of the aircraft, the longer useful life for depreciation purposes, and expected fuel savings and operational reliability from the use of these new aircraft.
Previous wording
In the interest of increased quality control at Boeing and its suppliers, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has indicated aircraft production rates will be capped until they are satisfied with Boeing's quality practices. These factors, other delays in Boeing obtaining needed regulatory approvals, and labor actions by Boeing machinists could delay deliveries to us even further than management's current expectations. Although the contract provides for more deliveries, at this time, we do not expect more than one additional aircraft to be delivered in 2024. Continuing delays in aircraft deliveries will impact our ability to schedule additional growth into 2025 and beyond.
Current wording
In the interest of increased quality control at Boeing and its suppliers, the FAA has indicated aircraft production rates will be capped until they are satisfied with Boeing's quality practices. These factors, other delays in Boeing obtaining needed regulatory approvals, and other factors impacting Boeing could delay deliveries to us. At this time, we currently expect eight more aircraft to be delivered to us in the last three quarters of 2025.
Previous wording
During 2023, we converted to the Navitaire reservation system to replace our legacy home-grown system. While we expect incremental passenger revenue once this system is fully implemented, we suffered some per passenger air ancillary revenue degradation (in the area of bundled ancillary products in particular) as certain functionality was unavailable during the transition. We restored functionality around one of our bundled product offerings in late third quarter 2024 and will continue to devote resources to the transition issues. We currently expect to regain the lost per passenger revenue and begin to achieve some of the incremental per passenger revenue in 2025.
Current wording
During 2023, we converted to the Navitaire reservation system to replace our legacy home-grown system. While we expect incremental passenger revenue once this system is fully implemented, we suffered some per passenger air ancillary revenue degradation (in the area of bundled ancillary products in particular) as certain functionality was unavailable during the transition. We restored functionality around our third bundled product offering in late 2024 and will continue to devote resources to the transition issues. We currently expect to regain all the lost per passenger revenue during the first half of 2025 and begin to achieve some of the expected incremental per passenger revenue in the first half of 2026.
Previous wording
The collective bargaining agreement with our pilots is currently amendable. We and the International Brotherhood of Teamsters ("IBT”) jointly requested the mediation services of the National Mediation Board ("NMB") in January 2023 to assist with the negotiations. The mediation process with the NMB is continuing with new union negotiators and leadership.
Current wording
The collective bargaining agreement with our pilots has been amendable since 2021. We and the International Brotherhood of Teamsters ("IBT”) jointly requested the mediation services of the National Mediation Board ("NMB") in January 2023 to assist with the negotiations. The mediation process with the NMB is continuing.
Previous wording
For the three months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded estimated pilot retention bonus accruals of $23.7 million bringing the total accrual to $124.3 million at period end, including the related payroll taxes. The bonus will be paid to all pilots remaining employed with us after ratification of a new collective bargaining agreement.
Current wording
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we recorded estimated pilot retention bonus accruals of $22.7 million bringing the total accrual to $168.8 million at March 31, 2025, including the related payroll taxes. The bonus will be paid to all pilots remaining employed with us after ratification of a new collective bargaining agreement.
Previous wording
In December 2021, we announced plans for a fully-integrated commercial alliance agreement with VivaAerobus, designed to expand options for nonstop leisure air travel between our markets in the United States and Mexico. We and VivaAerobus have submitted a joint application to the Department of Transportation (DOT) requesting approval of and antitrust immunity for the alliance. Although the DOT process has progressed substantially, their review of our application is currently suspended pending the outcome of diplomatic engagement on broader treaty issues and, as a result, the timing of commencement of this service is uncertain as it will depend on when or if the DOT will ultimately approve the grant of antitrust immunity.
Current wording
In December 2021, we announced plans for a fully-integrated commercial alliance agreement with VivaAerobus, designed to expand options for nonstop leisure air travel between our markets in the United States and Mexico. We and VivaAerobus continue to await U.S. government approval of our joint application to the DOT requesting approval of, and antitrust immunity for, the alliance. The DOT process progressed substantially under the prior presidential administration, but review was suspended in 2023. In April 2025, we filed a motion with the DOT to resume the procedural schedule on the application for antitrust immunity.
Previous wording
The following table presents unit costs on a per ASM basis, defined as Operating CASM, for the indicated periods. Excluding fuel on a per ASM basis provides management and investors the ability to measure and monitor our cost performance absent fuel price volatility. Both the cost and availability of fuel are subject to many economic and political factors beyond our control. Excluding special charges and Sunseeker operating costs allows management and investors to better compare our airline unit costs with those of other airlines.
Current wording
The following table presents airline only operating unit costs on a per available seat mile (ASM) basis, defined as Operating CASM, for the indicated periods. Excluding fuel on a per ASM basis provides management and investors the ability to measure and monitor our cost performance absent fuel price volatility. Both the cost and availability of fuel are subject to many economic and political factors beyond our control. Excluding special charges allows management and investors to better compare our airline unit costs with those of other airlines.
Previous wording
Aircraft fuel expense. Aircraft fuel expense decreased $19.6 million, or 11.7 percent, for third quarter 2024 compared to third quarter 2023. This is primarily due to a 12.9 percent decrease in average fuel cost per gallon offset by a 1.6 percent increase in fuel gallons consumed from a 1.5 percent increase in total available seat miles.
Current wording
Aircraft fuel expense. Aircraft fuel expense decreased $3.8 million or 2.2 percent compared to first quarter 2024. This was primarily due to a 13.9 percent decrease in average fuel cost per gallon and a 0.9 percent increase in fuel efficiency, offset by a 13.2 percent increase in fuel gallons consumed.
Previous wording
Interest expense, net of interest income and capitalized interest, increased by $5.2 million or 43.4 percent, compared to third quarter 2023. Capitalized interest decreased $3.0 million as the result of a $6.7 million decrease in capitalized interest related to the Sunseeker Resort, offset by an increase in capitalized interest of $3.7 million related to our investment in the Boeing fleet. Interest income decreased by $2.4 million as a result of lower average investment balances, which was offset in part by higher average yields on investments, compared to third quarter 2023.
Current wording
Interest expense, net of interest income and capitalized interest, increased $5.6 million or 33.6 percent, compared to first quarter 2024. Interest expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, includes a $3.4 million loss on debt extinguishment related to the early repayment of the Sunseeker construction loan which was partially offset by the effect of lower debt balances and a slight decrease in interest rates. Capitalized interest decreased by $4.7 million as eight 737 MAX deliveries have been placed in service as of March 31, 2025. Interest income decreased by $0.3 million as a result of lower average investment balances, which was offset in part by higher average yields on investments, compared to first quarter 2024.
Previous wording
We recorded a $6.7 million income tax benefit at an effective tax rate of 15.3 percent and a $4.9 million income tax benefit at a 16.3 percent effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024 differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0 percent primarily due to state income taxes and permanent tax differences.
Current wording
We recorded a $9.8 million income tax expense at an effective tax rate of 23.5 percent and a $0.4 million income tax benefit at a 31.3 percent effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0 percent primarily due to state income taxes and permanent tax items.
Previous wording
The following tables set forth our airline operating statistics for the periods indicated:
Current wording
The following tables set forth ourairline operating statistics for the periods indicated:
Previous wording
Cash, cash equivalents and investment securities (short-term and long-term) decreased to $804.6 million as of September 30, 2024, from $870.7 million at December 31, 2023. Investment securities represent highly liquid marketable securities which are available-for-sale.
Current wording
Cash, cash equivalents and investment securities (short-term and long-term) increased to $906.3 million as of March 31, 2025, from $832.9 million at December 31, 2024. Investment securities represent highly liquid marketable securities which are available-for-sale.
Previous wording
Our current share repurchase authority is $75.7 million. We have not repurchased shares on the open market since December 2023. We have suspended our quarterly cash dividend in anticipation of upcoming capital needs related to our fleet investments.
Current wording
Our share repurchase authority at March 31, 2025 is $64.7 million. We completed open market share repurchases totaling $11.0 million during first quarter 2025 and may continue to repurchase shares on an opportunistic basis. In July 2024, we suspended our quarterly cash dividend in anticipation of upcoming capital needs related to our fleet investments.
Previous wording
We believe we have more than adequate liquidity resources through our cash balances, operating cash flows, availability under revolving credit facilities, PDP facilities, and borrowings to meet our future contractual obligations. We have also entered into several financing commitments that will fund upon delivery of our new Boeing aircraft. We will continue to consider raising funds through debt financing as needed to fund capital expenditures.
Current wording
We believe we have more than adequate liquidity resources through our cash, cash equivalent and short term investment balances, financing commitments, our undrawn capacity under existing credit facilities, operating cash flows and anticipated access to liquidity, to meet our current contractual obligations and remain in compliance with the debt covenants in our existing financing agreements for the next 12 months. We will continue to consider raising funds through debt financing as needed to fund capital expenditures.
Previous wording
Our debt and finance lease obligations balance, without reduction for related issuance costs, decreased by $76.6 million from $2.28 billion as of December 31, 2023 to $2.21 billion as of September 30, 2024. Net debt (total debt less unrestricted cash, cash equivalents, and investments) as of September 30, 2024 was $1.38 billion, a decrease of $5.4 million from December 31, 2023.
Current wording
Our debt and finance lease obligations balance, without reduction for related issuance costs, decreased from $2.08 billion as of December 31, 2024 to $2.03 billion as of March 31, 2025. Net debt (total debt less unrestricted cash, cash equivalents, and investments) as of March 31, 2025 was $1.11 billion, a decrease of $126.1 million from December 31, 2024.
Previous wording
As of September 30, 2024, approximately 80.6 percent of our debt and finance lease obligations are fixed-rate.
Current wording
As of March 31, 2025, approximately 67.6 percent of our debt and finance lease obligations are fixed-rate.
Previous wording
Operating Activities. Operating cash inflows are primarily derived from providing air transportation and related ancillary products and services to customers. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, our operating activities provided $254.1 million of cash compared to $369.5 million during the same period 2023. This change is primarily attributable to a $143.6 million decrease in net income compared to the 2023 period.
Current wording
Operating Activities. Operating cash inflows are primarily derived from providing air transportation and related ancillary products and services to customers. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, our operating activities provided $191.4 million of cash compared to $167.8 million during the same period 2024. This change is primarily attributable to a $33.0 million increase in net income compared to the 2024 period.
Previous wording
Investing Activities. Cash used for investing activities was $40.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $537.4 million during the same period in 2023. The change is primarily attributable to a $387.6 million decrease in cash used for purchase of property and equipment, including aircraft PDPs and a $117.8 million increase in proceeds from maturities of investment securities, net of purchases.
Current wording
Investing Activities. Cash used for investing activities was $121.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $93.6 million during the same period in 2024. The change is attributable to purchases of investment securities net of maturities, of $73.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to proceeds from maturities of investment securities, net of purchases, of $70.5 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This was offset by a $92.4 million decrease in cash used to purchase property and equipment including aircraft PDPs and an increase in other investing activities primarily driven by proceeds from the sale of aircraft and engine assets during first quarter 2025.
Previous wording
We have made forward-looking statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” that are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions, and on information currently available to our management. Forward-looking statements include our statements regarding the number of contracted aircraft to be placed in service in the future, the timing of aircraft deliveries and retirements, our ability to increase aircraft utilization and also to increase per passenger revenue with our new revenue management system, the implementation of a joint alliance with VivaAerobus, the operations of our Sunseeker Resort, as well as other information concerning future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, the effects of future regulation and the effects of competition. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "estimate," “project,” “hope” or similar expressions.
Current wording
We have made forward-looking statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” that are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions, and on information currently available to our management. Forward-looking statements include our statements regarding the number of contracted aircraft to be placed in service in the future, the timing of aircraft deliveries and retirements, our ability to increase aircraft utilization and also to increase per passenger revenue with our new revenue management system, the implementation of a joint alliance with VivaAerobus, the operations and possible sale of our Sunseeker Resort or an interest therein, the impact of U.S. trade policies on our business, as well as other information concerning future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, the effects of future regulation and the effects of competition. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "estimate," “project,” “hope” or similar expressions.
Previous wording
Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Important risk factors that could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements may be found in our periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission atwww.sec.gov. These risk factors include, without limitation, the impact of regulatory reviews of and labor actions at Boeing on its aircraft delivery schedule, an accident involving, or problems with, our aircraft, public perception of our safety, our reliance on our automated systems, our reliance on Boeing and other third parties to deliver aircraft under contract to us on a timely basis, risk of breach of security of personal data, volatility of fuel costs, labor issues and costs, the ability to obtain regulatory approvals as needed, the effect of economic conditions on leisure travel, debt covenants and balances, the impact of government regulations on the airline industry, the ability to finance aircraft to be acquired, the ability to obtain necessary government approvals to implement the announced alliance with VivaAerobus and to otherwise prepare to offer international service, terrorist attacks, risks inherent to airlines, our competitive environment, our reliance on third parties who provide facilities or services to us, the impact of management changes and the possible loss of key personnel, economic and other conditions in markets in which we operate, the ability to successfully operate Sunseeker Resort at Charlotte Harbor, increases in maintenance costs and the availability of outside maintenance contractors to perform needed work on our aircraft on a timely basis and at acceptable rates, cyclical and seasonal fluctuations in our operating results and the perceived acceptability of our environmental, social, and governance efforts.
Current wording
Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Important risk factors that could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements may be found in our periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission atwww.sec.gov. These risk factors include, without limitation, the impact of regulatory reviews of, and production limits on, Boeing on our aircraft delivery schedule, an accident involving, or problems with, our aircraft, public perception of our safety, our reliance on our automated systems, our reliance on Boeing to deliver aircraft under contract to us on a timely basis, risk of breach of security of personal data, volatility of fuel costs, labor issues and costs, the ability to obtain regulatory approvals as needed, the effect of economic conditions on leisure travel, debt covenants and balances, the impact of government regulations on the airline industry, the ability to finance aircraft to be acquired, the ability to obtain necessary government approvals to implement the announced alliance with VivaAerobus and to otherwise prepare to offer international service, terrorist attacks, risks inherent to airlines, our competitive environment, our reliance on third parties who provide facilities or services to us, the possible loss of key personnel, economic and other conditions in markets in which we operate, the ability to successfully operate Sunseeker Resort at Charlotte Harbor or to dispose of an interest in it on acceptable terms, increases in maintenance costs and the availability of outside maintenance contractors to perform needed work on our aircraft on a timely basis and at acceptable rates, cyclical and seasonal fluctuations in our operating results and the perceived acceptability of our environmental, social, and governance efforts.
Previous wording
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. For information regarding our critical accounting policies and estimates, see disclosures in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes contained in our 2023 Form 10-K, and in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).
Current wording
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2025. For information regarding our critical accounting policies and estimates, see disclosures in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes contained in our 2024 Form 10-K, and in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) in this Form 10-Q.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (7)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
We primarily evaluate our expense management by comparing our costs per available seat mile (ASM) across different periods, which enables us to assess trends in each expense category. The following table presents unit costs on a per ASM basis, or CASM, for the indicated periods. Excluding fuel on a per ASM basis provides management and investors the ability to measure and monitor our cost performance absent fuel price volatility. Both the cost and availability of fuel are subject to many economic and political factors beyond our control. Excluding special charges and Sunseeker operating costs also allows management and investors to better compare our airline unit costs with those of other airlines.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
We recorded a $2.7 million income tax benefit at an effective rate of 10.3 percent compared to a $41.3 million tax expense at a 25.7 percent effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The 10.3 percent effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0 percent primarily due to state income taxes and the impact of permanent tax differences.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The following tables set forth our airline operating statistics for the periods indicated:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(1)Except load factor and percent of sales through website during period, which are presented as a percentage point change.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(2)Defined as scheduled service revenue divided by revenue passenger miles.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(3)Various components of this measure do not have a direct correlation to ASMs. This measure is provided on a per ASM basis so as to facilitate comparison with airlines reporting revenues on a per ASM basis.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
(4)Reflects division of passenger revenue between scheduled service (base fare) and air-related charges in our booking path.