Autodesk Inc
For the period ended Apr 30, 2025. Filed May 29, 2025.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Apr 30, 2025 · Filed May 29, 2025
ADSK$261.72-2.8%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-10-31; filed 2024-12-03.
0000769397-24-000181
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-04-30; filed 2025-05-29.
0000769397-25-000071
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 163 previous paragraphs and 152 current paragraphs.
94 unchanged; 55 reworded; 3 added; 11 removed; 3 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 18 previous and 16 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (3)
Current report
These programs align with our operational priorities and long-term growth strategy. We aim to maintain our commitments, fostering trust with stakeholders and enabling compliance with global regulations.
Current report
Restructuring, other exit costs, and facility reductions include charges related to the restructuring plan (“2026 Plan”) to support our initiatives to optimize our go-to-market organization and, at the same time, to reallocate resources to our strategic priorities of investments in cloud, platform and artificial intelligence. With this restructuring plan, we are realigning roles to maximize talent investments and to distribute critical expertise globally.
Current report
We filed an election in the U.S. for fiscal year 2026 that will more closely align the timing of taxation of our revenue with our U.S. GAAP revenue recognition principles. The impact of this election increased our cash flow from operating activities and provision for income taxes due to the loss of taxation benefits through FDII and GILTI tax regimes.
Removed paragraphs (11)
Previous report
The Autodesk Foundation (the “Foundation”), a privately funded 501(c)(3) charity organization established and solely funded by us, leads our philanthropic efforts. The purpose of the Foundation is twofold: to support employees to create a better world at work, at home, and in the community by matching employees’ volunteer time and donations to nonprofit organizations; and to support organizations using design and make solutions to drive positive social and environmental impact. On our behalf, the Foundation also administers a discounted software donation program to nonprofit organizations, social and environmental entrepreneurs, and others who are developing design solutions that will transform industries and help shape a better world for all.
Previous report
We account for income taxes and the related accounts under the liability method. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted rates expected to be in effect during the year in which the basis differences reverse.
Previous report
We had an income tax expense of $203 million, relative to pre-tax income of $1.01 billion for the nine months ended October 31, 2024, and income tax expense of $175 million, relative to pre-tax income of $799 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2023. Income tax expense for the nine months ended October 31, 2024, reflects U.S. and foreign tax expense, including withholding tax, reduced by tax-deductible stock-based compensation, tax credits, and the foreign derived intangibles income tax benefit in the U.S. The tax expense increased compared to October 31, 2023 due to increased profit before tax, offset by an increase in tax-deductible stock-based compensation. The period to October 31, 2023 had a nonrecurring tax benefit arising from relief provided by IRS Notice 2023-55 and the current period reflects relief from IRS Notice 2023-80 relating to U.S. foreign tax credit regulations offset in part by a nonrecurring integration tax expense.
Previous report
Autodesk regularly assesses the need for a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. In making that assessment, Autodesk considers both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of the deferred tax assets to determine, based on the weight of available evidence, whether it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company continues to retain a valuation allowance against Australia, Portugal, New Zealand, California, Massachusetts, and Michigan deferred tax assets and deferred tax assets that will convert to a capital loss upon reversal in the U.S., as we do not have sufficient income of the appropriate character to benefit from these deferred tax assets.
Previous report
As of October 31, 2024, we had $277 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, of which $234 million would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized. The remaining $43 million would reduce our valuation allowance, if recognized. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits will immaterially decrease in the next twelve months for statute lapses.
Previous report
Signed into law on December 18, 2023 in Ireland, the Finance (No. 2) Act 2023 provides legislation to implement tax principles arising from proposals made by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development to establish a global minimum tax rate of 15%. The Company’s assessment of this legislation resulted in additional tax expense having a minimal impact to the consolidated financial statements. Other countries have enacted legislation or are actively considering changes to their tax law. The Company will continue to monitor proposed and enacted legislation for potential future impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Previous report
CEO transition costs. We exclude amounts paid to our former CEOs upon departure under the terms of their transition agreements, including severance payments, acceleration of restricted stock units, and continued vesting of performance stock units, and legal fees incurred with the transition. Also excluded from our non-GAAP measures are recruiting costs related to the search for a new CEO. These costs represent non-recurring expenses and are not indicative of our ongoing operating expenses. We further believe that excluding the CEO transition costs from our non-GAAP results is useful to investors in that it allows for period-over-period comparability.
Previous report
Goodwill impairment. This is a non-cash charge to write down goodwill to fair value when there was an indication that the asset was impaired. As explained above, management finds it useful to exclude certain non-cash charges to assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses to assist in budgeting, planning, and forecasting future periods.
Previous report
Lease-related asset impairments and other charges. These charges are associated with the optimization of our facilities costs related to leases for facilities that we have vacated as a result of our one-time move to a more hybrid remote workforce. In connection with these facility leases, we recognize costs related to the impairment or abandonment of operating lease right-of-use assets, computer equipment, furniture, and leasehold improvements, and other costs. We exclude these charges because these expenses are not reflective of ongoing business and operating results. We believe it is useful for investors to understand the effects of these items on our total operating expenses.
Previous report
Establishment (release) of a valuation allowance on certain net deferred tax assets. This is a non-cash charge to record or to release a valuation allowance on certain deferred tax assets. As explained above, management finds it useful to exclude certain non-cash charges to assess the appropriate level of various cash expenses to assist in budgeting, planning, and forecasting future periods.
Previous report
In November 2024, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of $5 billion of the Company's common stock, in addition to the $4.30 billion remaining under previously announced share repurchase programs.
Reworded paragraphs (55)
Previous wording
The discussion in our MD&A and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains trend analyses and other forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements are any statements that look to future events and consist of, among other things, our business strategies, including those discussed in “Strategy,” “Overview of the Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2024,” and in“Results of Operations-Overview.”Examples of such forward-looking statements may relate to items such as future net revenue, operating expenses, recurring revenue, net revenue retention rate, cash flow, remaining performance obligations, and other future financial results (by product type and geography); the transition to annual billings for multi-year contracts; the implementation of new transaction models; the effectiveness of our efforts to successfully manage transitions to new markets; our ability to increase our subscription base; expected market trends, including the growth of cloud and mobile computing; the availability of credit; the effect of unemployment; the effects of global economic conditions, including from an economic downturn or recession in the United States or in other countries around the world; the effects of revenue recognition; the effects of recently issued accounting standards; expected trends in certain financial metrics, including expenses; expectations regarding our cash needs; the effects of fluctuations in exchange rates and our hedging activities on our financial results; our ability to successfully expand adoption of our products; our ability to gain market acceptance of new business and sales initiatives; the impact of past acquisitions, including our integration efforts and expected synergies; the impact of economic volatility and geopolitical activities in certain countries, particularly emerging economy countries; the timing and amount of purchases under our stock buy-back plan; and the effects of potential non-cash charges on our financial results and the resulting effect on our financial results. In addition, forward-looking statements also consist of statements involving expectations regarding product capability and acceptance, anticipated benefits of our products; statements regarding our liquidity and short-term and long-term cash requirements, as well as statements involving trend analyses and statements including such words as “may,” “believe,” “could,” “anticipate,” “would,” “might,” “plan,” “expect,” and similar expressions or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are subject to business and economic risks. As such, our actual results could differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including those set forth below in Pa…
Excerpt shortened here; the source contains the full paragraph.
Current wording
The discussion in our MD&A and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains trend analyses and other forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements are any statements that look to future events and consist of, among other things, our business strategies, including those discussed in “Strategy,” “Overview of the Three Months Ended April 30, 2025,” and in“Results of Operations-Overview.”Examples of such forward-looking statements may relate to items such as future net revenue, operating expenses, recurring revenue, net revenue retention rate, cash flow, remaining performance obligations, and other future financial results (by product type and geography); the transition to annual billings for multi-year contracts; the implementation of new transaction models; the effectiveness of our efforts to successfully manage transitions to new markets; our ability to increase our subscription base; expected market trends, including the growth of cloud and mobile computing; the availability of credit; the effect of unemployment; the effects of global economic conditions, including from global trade wars or an economic downturn or recession in the United States or in other countries around the world; the effects of revenue recognition; the effects of recently issued accounting standards; expected trends in certain financial metrics, including expenses; expectations regarding our cash needs; the effects of fluctuations in exchange rates and our hedging activities on our financial results; our ability to successfully expand adoption of our products; our ability to gain market acceptance of new business and sales initiatives; the impact of restructuring activities; cybersecurity and privacy issues or incidents; the impact of past acquisitions, including our integration efforts and expected synergies; the impact of economic volatility and geopolitical activities in certain countries, particularly emerging economy countries; the timing and amount of purchases under our stock buy-back plan; and the effects of potential non-cash charges on our financial results and the resulting effect on our financial results. In addition, forward-looking statements also consist of statements involving expectations regarding product capability and acceptance, anticipated benefits of our products; statements regarding our liquidity and short-term and long-term cash requirements, as well as statements involving trend analyses and statements including such words as “may,” “believe,” “could,” “anticipate,” “would,” “might,” “plan,” “expect,” and similar expressions or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are subject to business and economic risks. As such, our actual results could differ materially from those set forth in the for…
Excerpt shortened here; the source contains the full paragraph.
Previous wording
Our strategy is to deliver a trusted design and make platform that connects people through automation, data, and insights to help them achieve better outcomes for their businesses and the world. To drive the execution of our strategy, we are focused on three strategic priorities: build the platform of choice for Design and Make, accelerate adoption of Fusion, Forma, and Flow, and transform how customers experience Autodesk.
Current wording
Our strategy is to drive customer workflow convergence by delivering a trusted design and make platform that connects people through automation, data, and insights to help them achieve better outcomes for their businesses and the world. To drive the execution of our strategy, we are focused on three strategic priorities: build the platform of choice for Design and Make, accelerate adoption of Fusion, Forma, and Flow, and transform how customers experience Autodesk.
Previous wording
We offer subscriptions for individual products and Industry Collections, enterprise business arrangements (“EBAs”), and cloud service offerings (collectively referred to as “subscription plans”). Subscription plans are designed to give our customers more flexibility with how they use our offerings and to attract a broader range of customers, such as project-based users and small businesses.
Current wording
We offer subscriptions for individual products and Industry Collections, EBAs, and cloud service offerings (collectively referred to as “subscription plans”). Subscription plans are designed to give our customers more flexibility with how they use our offerings and to attract a broader range of customers, such as project-based users and small businesses.
Previous wording
Construction Cloud, Autodesk Build, Fusion, Flow Production Tracking, AutoCAD web app, and AutoCAD mobile app, provide tools, including mobile and collaboration capabilities, to streamline design, collaboration, building and manufacturing, and data management processes. We believe that customer adoption of these latest offerings will continue to grow as customers across a range of industries begin to take advantage of the scalable computing power and flexibility provided through these services.
Current wording
Our subscription plans represent a hybrid of desktop software and cloud functionality, which provides a device-independent, collaborative design workflow for designers and their stakeholders. Our cloud offerings, for example, Autodesk Construction Cloud, Autodesk Build, Fusion, Flow Production Tracking, Autodesk Forma, AutoCAD web app, and AutoCAD mobile app, provide tools, including mobile and collaboration capabilities, to streamline design, collaboration, building and manufacturing, and data management processes. We believe that customer adoption of these latest offerings will continue to grow as customers across a range of industries begin to take advantage of the scalable computing power and flexibility provided through these services.
Previous wording
To support our strategic priority of digital transformation in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (“AEC”), we are strengthening our AEC solutions’ foundation with both organic and inorganic investments. In the first quarter of fiscal 2025, we acquired Payapps Limited (“Payapps”), a leading cloud-based software platform for managing construction-related payments. This acquisition will deepen Autodesk Construction Cloud’s footprint and provide a robust payment management offering to serve the needs of general contractors and trade contractors. Through automating the application of the payment process, Payapps’ solution provides greater transparency, reduces risk and helps accelerate time-to-payment. In fiscal 2024, we launched the first set of capabilities in Autodesk Forma, an industry cloud that unifies workflows across the teams that design, build, and operate the built environment. Autodesk Forma’s initial capabilities enable the early-stage planning and design process with automation and Artificial Intelligence (“AI”)-powered insights that simplify the exploration of design concepts, offload repetitive tasks, and help evaluate environmental qualities surrounding a building site. In fiscal 2023, we acquired a cloud-connected, extended reality (XR) platform enabling AEC professionals to present, collaborate and review projects in immersive and interactive experiences, from anywhere and at any time. This acquisition enables Autodesk to meet increasing needs for augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technology advancements within the AEC industry and further support AEC customers throughout the project delivery lifecycle.
Current wording
To support our strategic priority of digital transformation in Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operations (“AECO”), we are strengthening our AECO solutions’ foundation with both organic and inorganic investments. In fiscal 2025, we acquired Payapps Limited (“Payapps”), a leading cloud-based software platform for managing construction-related payments. This acquisition will deepen Autodesk Construction Cloud’s footprint and provide a robust payment management offering to serve the needs of general contractors and trade contractors. Through automating the application of the payment process, Payapps’ solution provides greater transparency, reduces risk and helps accelerate time-to-payment. In fiscal 2024, we launched the first set of capabilities in Autodesk Forma, an industry cloud that unifies workflows across the teams that design, build, and operate the built environment. Autodesk Forma’s initial capabilities enable the early-stage planning and design process with automation and Artificial Intelligence (“AI”)-powered insights that simplify the exploration of design concepts, offload repetitive tasks, and help evaluate environmental qualities surrounding a building site.
Previous wording
In manufacturing, our strategy is to combine organic and acquired software in existing and adjacent verticals to create end-to-end, cloud-based solutions for our customers that drive efficiency and sustainability. We continue to attract global manufacturing leaders and disruptive startups with our generative design and cloud-based Fusion that converges the design process with manufacturing. In fiscal 2024, we acquired a provider of simulation technology that enables factory and logistics center operators to optimize their processes. In fiscal 2023, we acquired a maker of software for optimizing manufacturing processes with automation and digitization from the shop floor upward that provides a real-time system of record for data collection, management, and analysis.
Current wording
In manufacturing, our strategy is to combine organic and acquired software in existing and adjacent verticals to create end-to-end, cloud-based solutions for our customers that drive efficiency and sustainability. We continue to attract global manufacturing leaders and disruptive startups with our generative design and cloud-based Fusion that converges the design process with manufacturing. In fiscal 2024, we acquired a provider of simulation technology that enables factory and logistics center operators to optimize their processes.
Previous wording
We sell our products and services globally, through a combination of direct and indirect channels. Our direct channels include, but are not limited to, internal sales resources focused on selling our highly specialized solutions in our largest accounts, Solution Providers focused on serving certain Flex and subscription customers through our new transaction model, and business transacted through our online Autodesk branded store. Our indirect channels primarily include value added distributors, value added resellers, direct market resellers, volume channel partners, and product-specific resellers. During fiscal 2023, we entered into transition agreements with certain of our distributors, including TD Synnex and Ingram Micro Inc., to provide transition distribution activities for a one-to-two-year period. In the third fiscal quarter of 2025, we entered into a new distribution agreement with TD Synnex for government business in certain jurisdictions. Existing distribution agreements will continue in emerging markets. We introduced a new transaction model for our token-based Flex offering in North America, and certain countries in EMEA, and APAC during fiscal 2023 and 2024. Most of our subscription offerings transitioned to the new transaction model in Australia during fiscal 2024, in North America during our second fiscal quarter of fiscal 2025, and in Western Europe during our third fiscal quarter of 2025. In this new transaction model, Solution Providers provide a quote to customers but the actual transaction occurs directly between Autodesk and the customer. We intend to transition our indirect business in our remaining major markets to the new transaction model by the end of fiscal 2025. We expect the change in recognition of sales incentives to indirect channels from contra revenue to operating costs under the new transaction model to positively impact calculated revenue growth, while being broadly neutral to calculated operating profit and free cash flow dollars, and to result in a calculated negative impact to operating margin. See Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements,” Note 3, “Revenue Recognition” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further detail on the results of our indirect and direct channel sales for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.
Current wording
We sell our products and services globally, through a combination of direct and indirect channels. Our direct channels include, but are not limited to, internal sales resources focused on selling our highly specialized solutions in our largest accounts, Solution Providers focused on serving certain Flex and subscription customers through our new transaction model, and business transacted through our online Autodesk branded store. Our indirect channels primarily include distributors, resellers, direct market resellers, volume channel partners, and product-specific resellers. During fiscal 2023, we entered into transition agreements with certain of our distributors, including TD Synnex and Ingram Micro Inc., to provide transition distribution activities for a one-to-two-year period. In fiscal 2025, we entered into a new distribution agreement with TD Synnex for government business in certain jurisdictions. Existing distribution agreements will continue in emerging markets. We transitioned our token-based Flex offerings to the new transaction model in most countries during fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2024. We transitioned most of our subscription offerings in our major markets in fiscal 2025. In this new transaction model, Solution Providers provide a quote to customers but the actual transaction occurs directly between Autodesk and the customer. During fiscal 2026, we expect the change in recognition of sales incentives to Solution Providers from contra revenue to operating costs under the new transaction model to positively impact calculated revenue growth, while being broadly neutral to calculated operating profit and free cash flow dollars, and to result in a calculated negative impact to operating margin. See Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements,” Note 3, “Revenue Recognition” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further detail on the results of our indirect and direct channel sales for the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024.
Previous wording
Autodesk is committed to advancing a more sustainable, resilient, and inclusive world. We don’t believe in waiting for progress, we believe in making it. We take action as a business and support our employees, customers, and communities in our collective opportunity to design and make a better world for all.
Current wording
Autodesk is committed to advancing a more sustainable, resilient, and inclusive world. We take action as a business to support our employees, customers, and communities in our collective opportunity to design and make a better world for all.
Previous wording
We focus our efforts to advance positive outcomes across three primary areas: energy and materials, health and resilience, and work and prosperity. These impact opportunity areas are derived from the UN Sustainable Development Goals (“SDGs”) and have been focused through a multi-pronged process to align the top needs of our stakeholders, the important issues of our business, and the areas we are best placed to accelerate positive impact at scale.
Current wording
We focus our efforts to advance positive outcomes across three primary areas: energy and materials, health and resilience, and work and prosperity. These impact opportunity areas are derived from the UN Sustainable Development Goals (“SDGs”) and have been identified through a multi-pronged process to align the top needs of our stakeholders, the issues that are most important to our business, and the areas we are best placed to accelerate positive impact at scale.
Previous wording
These opportunities manifest as outcomes through how our customers leverage our technology to design and make net-zero carbon buildings, resilient infrastructure, more sustainable products, and a thriving workforce. We complement these opportunities through powering our business with 100% renewable energy, neutralizing greenhouse gas emissions and developing an inclusive culture. We advance these opportunities with industry innovators through collaboration, philanthropic capital, software donations, and training.
Current wording
These opportunities primarily manifest as outcomes through how our customers leverage our technology to design and make net-zero carbon buildings, resilient infrastructure, more sustainable products, and a thriving workforce. We support and amplify these opportunities through powering our business with 100% renewable energy, neutralizing greenhouse gas emissions associated with our operations, developing an inclusive culture and supporting students and educators with tools and training to equip the next generation of innovators. We advance these opportunities with industry innovators through collaboration with our customers and partners, deploying philanthropic capital to changemakers, and providing software donations, and training to our wider ecosystem. Autodesk committed to target 1% of annual operating profit for the long-term support of our impact programs, which includes our philanthropic work and our climate commitments.
Previous wording
Additional information about our environmental, social, and governance program is available in our annual impact report on our website at www.autodesk.com. Information contained on or accessible through our website is not part of or incorporated by reference into this report.
Current wording
Additional information about our impact and governance program is available in our annual impact report on our website at www.autodesk.com. Information contained on or accessible through our website is not part of or incorporated by reference into this report.
Previous wording
An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, if different estimates reasonably could have been used, or if changes in the estimate that are reasonably possible could materially impact the financial statements. We highlighted those policies that involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity with further discussion in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, as compared to those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2024. We believe these policies are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our financial condition and results of operations.
Current wording
An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, if different estimates reasonably could have been used, or if changes in the estimate that are reasonably possible could materially impact the financial statements. We highlighted those policies that involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity with further discussion in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2025. We believe these policies are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our financial condition and results of operations.
Previous wording
Overview of the Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2024
Current wording
Overview of the Three Months Ended April 30, 2025
Previous wording
•Total net revenue increased 11% and 12% to $1.57 billion and $4.49 billion, during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year.
Current wording
•Total net revenue increased 15% to $1.63 billion, during the three months ended April 30, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.
Previous wording
•Recurring revenue as a percentage of net revenue was 97% for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024 and 98% for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2023.
Current wording
•Recurring revenue as a percentage of net revenue was 97% for both the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024.
Previous wording
•Net revenue retention rate (“NR3”) was within the range of 100% and 110%, on a constant currency basis, for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.
Current wording
•Net revenue retention rate (“NR3”) was slightly above 110%, on a constant currency basis, for the three months ended April 30, 2025, and was within the range of 100% and 110%, on a constant currency basis, for the three months ended April 30, 2024.
Previous wording
•Deferred revenue was $3.66 billion, a decrease of 14% compared to the fourth quarter in the prior fiscal year.
Current wording
•Deferred revenue was $3.93 billion, a decrease of 5% compared to the fourth quarter in the prior fiscal year.
Previous wording
•Remaining performance obligations (short-term and long-term deferred revenue plus unbilled deferred revenue) (“RPO”) was $6.11 billion, flat compared to the fourth quarter in the prior fiscal year.
Current wording
•Remaining performance obligations (short-term and long-term deferred revenue plus unbilled deferred revenue) (“RPO”) was $7.16 billion, an increase of 3% compared to the fourth quarter in the prior fiscal year.
Previous wording
•Current remaining performance obligations was $4.01 billion, an increase of 1% compared to the fourth quarter in the prior fiscal year.
Current wording
•Current remaining performance obligations was $4.55 billion, an increase of 2% compared to the fourth quarter in the prior fiscal year.
Previous wording
Net revenue increased 11% and 12% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 11% increase in subscription revenue for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, respectively.
Current wording
Net revenue increased 15% during the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to an increase in subscription revenue. For further discussion of these results, see below under the heading “Results of Operations.”
Previous wording
We rely significantly upon major distributors and resellers in both the U.S. and international regions, including TD Synnex Corporation and its global affiliates (collectively, “TD Synnex”). Total revenue from TD Synnex accounted for 33% and 35% of our total net revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, respectively. Total revenue from TD Synnex accounted for 39% and 40% of our total net revenue during both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2023, respectively. Our customers through TD Synnex are the resellers and end users who purchase our software subscriptions and services. During fiscal 2023, we entered into transition agreements with certain of our distributors, including TD Synnex and Ingram Micro Inc., to provide transition distribution activities for a one-to-two-year period. In the third fiscal quarter of 2025, we entered into a new distribution agreement with TD Synnex for government business in certain jurisdictions. Existing distribution agreements will continue in emerging markets. We have increased our selling efforts with Solution Providers in connection with our new transaction model. Consequently, we believe our business is not substantially dependent on TD Synnex.
Current wording
We rely significantly upon major distributors and resellers in both the U.S. and international regions, including TD Synnex Corporation and its global affiliates (collectively, “TD Synnex”). Total revenue from TD Synnex accounted for 20% and 38% of our total net revenue for the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our customers through TD Synnex are the resellers and end users who purchase our software subscriptions and services. In connection with our new transaction model, we entered into agreements to provide transition distribution activities with certain distributors and entered into a new distribution agreement with TD Synnex for government business in certain jurisdictions. We maintained distribution relationships in emerging markets. We have increased our selling efforts with Solution Providers in connection with our new transaction model. Consequently, we believe our business is not substantially dependent on TD Synnex.
Previous wording
The following table outlines our recurring revenue metric for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023:
Current wording
The following table outlines our recurring revenue metric for the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024:
Previous wording
NR3 was within the range of 100% and 110%, on a constant currency basis, for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.
Current wording
NR3 was slightly above 110%, on a constant currency basis, for the three months ended April 30, 2025, in part due to our new transaction model, and was within the range of 100% and 110%, on a constant currency basis, for the three months ended April 30, 2024.
Previous wording
We expect that the amount of RPO will change from quarter to quarter for several reasons, including the specific timing, duration, and size of customer subscription and support agreements, the specific timing of customer renewals, and foreign currency fluctuations. Historically, we have had increased EBA sales activity in our fourth fiscal quarter and this seasonality may affect the relative value of our billings, RPO, and collections in the fourth and first fiscal quarters. As customers transition from multi-year subscription contracts billed upfront to annual billing installments, some customers may choose annual contracts instead. If this were to occur, we would expect it to proportionately reduce the unbilled portion of our total remaining performance obligations and would expect it to impact total RPO growth rates negatively. Deferred revenue, billings, current RPO, revenue, non-GAAP operating margin, and free cash flow would remain broadly unchanged in this scenario.
Current wording
We expect that the amount of RPO will change from quarter to quarter for several reasons, including the specific timing, duration, and size of customer subscription and support agreements, the specific timing of customer renewals, and foreign currency fluctuations. Historically, we have had increased EBA sales activity in our fourth fiscal quarter and this seasonality may affect the relative value of our billings, RPO, and collections in the fourth and first fiscal quarters. As customers continue to transition from multi-year subscription contracts billed upfront to annual billing installments, some customers may choose annual contracts instead. If this were to occur, we would expect it to proportionately reduce the unbilled portion of our total remaining performance obligations and would expect it to impact total RPO growth rates negatively. Deferred revenue, billings, current RPO, revenue, non-GAAP operating margin, and free cash flow would remain broadly unchanged in this scenario.
Previous wording
At October 31, 2024, we had $1.98 billion in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. Our cash flow from operations increased to $915 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2024, compared to $876 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2023. We repurchased 1.7 million shares of our common stock for $443 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2024. Comparatively, we repurchased 3.6 million shares of our common stock for $733 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2023. See further discussion regarding the balance sheet and cash flow activities under the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
Current wording
At April 30, 2025, we had $2.30 billion in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. Our cash flow from operations increased to $564 million for the three months ended April 30, 2025, compared to $494 million for the three months ended April 30, 2024. We repurchased 1 million shares of our common stock for $353 million during the three months ended April 30, 2025. Comparatively, we repurchased 33 thousand shares of our common stock for $9 million during the three months ended April 30, 2024. See further discussion regarding the balance sheet and cash flow activities under the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
Previous wording
We believe our investment in cloud products and a subscription business model, backed by a strong balance sheet, give us a robust foundation to successfully navigate complex geopolitical and global macro-economic challenges. However, material scarcity, supply chain disruption and resulting inflationary pressures, higher interest rates, a global labor shortage, the ongoing wars between Ukraine and Russia and between Israel and Hamas, and foreign exchange rate fluctuations, may impact our outlook. We also expect our transition to annual billings for multi-year contracts to impact the timing of our billings and cash collections. The extent of the impact of these risks on our business in the remainder of fiscal 2025 and beyond will depend on several factors, some of which are out of our control. Further discussion of the potential impacts of these risks on our business can be found in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”
Current wording
We believe our investment in cloud products and a subscription business model, backed by a strong balance sheet, give us a robust foundation to successfully navigate complex geopolitical and global macro-economic challenges. However, material scarcity, supply chain disruption and resulting inflationary pressures, higher interest rates, a global labor shortage, ongoing geopolitical conflicts, economic and regulatory uncertainty, the potential for global trade wars, and foreign exchange rate fluctuations, may impact our outlook. We also expect our continued transition to annual billings for multi-year contracts to impact the timing of our billings and cash collections. The extent of the impact of these risks on our business in remaining fiscal 2026 and beyond will depend on several factors, some of which are out of our control. Further discussion of the potential impacts of these risks on our business can be found in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”
Previous wording
We introduced a new transaction model for our token-based Flex offering in North America, and certain countries in EMEA, and APAC during fiscal 2023 and 2024. Most of our subscription offerings transitioned to the new transaction model in Australia during fiscal 2024, in North America during our second fiscal quarter of fiscal 2025, and in Western Europe during our third fiscal quarter of 2025. In this new transaction model, Solution Providers provide a quote to customers but the actual transaction occurs directly between Autodesk and the customer. We intend to transition our indirect business in our remaining major markets to the new transaction model by the end of fiscal 2025.
Current wording
We transitioned our token-based Flex offerings to the new transaction model in most countries during fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2024. We transitioned most of our subscription offerings in our major markets in fiscal 2025. In this new transaction model, Solution Providers provide a quote to customers but the actual transaction occurs directly between Autodesk and the customer.
Previous wording
Our sales incentives to Solution Providers will be recorded as operating expenses under the new transaction model as we will contract directly with end customers. Accordingly, we expect sales incentives paid to resellers recorded as a reduction of transaction price and subsequently recognized as a reduction to subscription revenue over the contract period will decrease as we transition to the new transaction model. Most of the sales incentives payments to Solution Providers in our new transaction model, will be considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer and will be capitalized and included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Long-term other assets” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The deferred costs will then be amortized over the period of benefit and recorded to “Sales and Marketing” on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. The sales incentives not qualifying for capitalization will be recorded to “Sales and Marketing” on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations as the costs are incurred under the incentive program requirements. In the near term, we expect the change in recognition of sales incentives to indirect channels from contra revenue to operating expenses under the new transaction model to positively impact calculated revenue growth, while being broadly neutral to calculated operating profit and free cash flow dollars, and to result in a calculated negative impact to operating margin.
Current wording
Our sales incentives to Solution Providers are recorded as operating expenses under the new transaction model as we contract directly with end customers. Accordingly, we expect sales incentives paid to resellers recorded as a reduction of transaction price and subsequently recognized as a reduction to subscription revenue over the contract period to continue to decrease as we have transitioned to the new transaction model. Most of the sales incentives payments to Solution Providers in our new transaction model are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer and are capitalized and included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Long-term other assets” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The deferred costs are amortized over the period of benefit and recorded to “Sales and Marketing” on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The sales incentives not qualifying for capitalization are recorded to “Sales and Marketing” on the Consolidated Statement of Operations as the costs are incurred under the incentive program requirements. During fiscal 2026, we expect the change in recognition of sales incentives to indirect channels from contra revenue to operating expenses under the new transaction model to positively impact calculated revenue growth, while being broadly neutral to calculated operating profit and free cash flow dollars, and to result in a calculated negative impact to operating margin.
Previous wording
Maintenance revenue consists of renewal fees for existing maintenance plan agreements that were initially purchased with a perpetual software license. Under our maintenance plan, customers are eligible to receive unspecified upgrades, when and if available, and technical support. We recognize maintenance revenue ratably over the term of the agreements, which is generally one year.
Current wording
Maintenance revenue consists of fees for maintenance plan agreements purchased with software licenses. Under our maintenance plan, customers are eligible to receive unspecified upgrades, when and if available, and technical support. We recognize maintenance revenue ratably over the term of the agreements, which is generally one year.
Previous wording
Other Revenue: Consists of revenue from consulting, and other products and services, and is recognized as the products are delivered and services are performed.
Current wording
Other revenue consists of revenue from other products and services and is recognized as the products are delivered and services are performed.
Previous wording
Our product offerings are focused in four primary product families: Architecture, Engineering and Construction (“AEC”), AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, Manufacturing (“MFG”), and Media and Entertainment (“M&E”).
Current wording
Our product offerings are focused in four primary product families: Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operations (“AECO”), AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, Manufacturing (“MFG”), and Media and Entertainment (“M&E”).
Previous wording
We believe that international revenue will continue to comprise a majority of our net revenue. Unfavorable economic conditions, including in connection with the ongoing wars between Ukraine and Russia and between Israel and Hamas (and any related political or economic responses and counter-responses or otherwise by various global actors or the general effect on the global economy), in the countries that contribute a significant portion of our net revenue, including in emerging economies such as Brazil, India, and China, has had and may continue to have an adverse effect on our business in those countries and our overall financial performance. Changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies have significantly affected, and could continue to significantly affect, our financial results for a given period even though we hedge a portion of our current and projected revenue. Increases to the levels of political and economic unpredictability or protectionism in the global market may impact our future financial results.
Current wording
We believe that international revenue will continue to comprise a majority of our net revenue. Unfavorable economic conditions, including in connection with the ongoing geopolitical conflicts (and any related political or economic responses and counter-responses or otherwise by various global actors or the general effect on the global economy), or global trade wars, in the countries that contribute a significant portion of our net revenue, including in emerging economies such as Brazil, India, and China, has had and may continue to have an adverse effect on our business in those countries and our overall financial performance. Changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies have significantly affected, and could continue to significantly affect, our financial results for a given period even though we hedge a portion of our current and projected revenue. Increases to the levels of political and economic unpredictability or protectionism in the global market may impact our future financial results.
Previous wording
We anticipate that our revenue by direct sales channel will continue to increase as a percentage of total net revenue. With the continued growth of our online Autodesk branded store and the introduction of our new transaction model, we will be decreasing our sales through value-added resellers and distributors and transacting directly with more end customers. We expect our indirect channel will continue to transact and support a considerable portion of our customers, particularly in emerging regions. See further discussion regarding our new transaction model under the heading “Strategy.”
Current wording
For the three months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, approximately 55% and 38%, respectively, of our revenue was derived from direct sales to customers. With the continued growth of our online Autodesk branded store and the introduction of our new transaction model, we have been decreasing our sales through resellers and distributors and transacting directly with more end customers. We anticipate that our revenue by direct sales channel will continue to increase as a percentage of total net revenue. We expect our indirect channel will continue to transact and support a considerable portion of our customers, particularly in emerging regions.
Previous wording
Cost of subscription and maintenance revenue includes the labor costs of providing product support to our subscription and maintenance customers, SaaS vendor costs and allocated IT costs, facilities costs, professional services fees related to operating our network and cloud infrastructure, royalties, depreciation expense and operating lease payments associated with computer equipment, data center costs, salaries, related expenses of network operations, stock-based compensation expense, and gains and losses on our operating expense cash flow hedges.
Current wording
Cost of subscription and maintenance revenue includes the labor costs of providing product support to our subscription and maintenance customers, SaaS vendor costs and allocated IT costs, facilities costs, professional services fees related to operating our network and cloud infrastructure, royalties, depreciation expense and operating lease payments associated with computer equipment, data center costs, related expenses of network operations, stock-based compensation expense, and gains and losses on our operating expense cash flow hedges.
Previous wording
Cost of other revenue includes labor costs associated with product setup, costs of consulting and training services contracts, and collaborative project management services contracts. Cost of other revenue also includes stock-based compensation expense, overhead charges, allocated IT and facilities costs, professional services fees, and gains and losses on our operating expense cash flow hedges.
Current wording
Cost of other revenue includes costs of consulting and training services contracts and collaborative project management services contracts. Cost of other revenue also includes stock-based compensation expense, overhead charges, allocated IT and facilities costs, professional services fees, and gains and losses on our operating expense cash flow hedges.
Previous wording
Marketing and sales expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense for our marketing and sales employees, the expense of travel, entertainment, and training for such personnel, sales and channel partner commissions, and the costs of programs aimed at increasing revenue, such as advertising, trade shows and expositions, and various sales and promotional programs. Marketing and sales expenses also include SaaS vendor costs and allocated IT costs, payment processing fees, the cost of supplies and equipment, gains and losses on our operating expense cash flow hedges, facilities costs, and labor costs associated with sales and order management.
Current wording
Marketing and sales expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense for our marketing and sales employees, the expense of travel, entertainment, and training for such personnel, sales commissions to employees and Solution Providers, and the costs of programs aimed at increasing revenue, such as advertising, trade shows and expositions, and various sales and promotional programs. Marketing and sales expenses also include SaaS vendor costs and allocated IT costs, payment processing fees, the cost of supplies and equipment, gains and losses on our operating expense cash flow hedges, facilities costs, and labor costs associated with sales and order management.
Previous wording
The following table highlights our expectation for the absolute dollar change and percent of revenue change between the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025, as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024:
Current wording
The following table highlights our expectation for the absolute dollar change between the second quarter of fiscal 2026, as compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2025:
Previous wording
Interest and other income (expense), net, positively changed by $19 million during the three months ended October 31, 2024, and $38 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2024, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year. The positive change in the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year was primarily due to a decrease in impairments of strategic investment equity securities and an increase in gains for investments in debt and equity securities that are held in a rabbi trust under non-qualified deferred compensation plans in the current periods as compared to the prior periods.
Current wording
Interest and other income, net, decreased by $9 million during the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The decrease in the three months ended April 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year was primarily due to a decrease in interest income and losses for investments in debt and equity securities that are held in a rabbi trust under non-qualified deferred compensation plans in the current period as compared to gains the prior period.
Previous wording
We had an income tax expense of $76 million, relative to pre-tax income of $351 million for the three months ended October 31, 2024, and an income tax expense of $79 million, relative to pre-tax income of $320 million for the three months ended October 31, 2023. Income tax expense for the three months ended October 31, 2024, reflects U.S. and foreign tax expense, including withholding tax, reduced by tax-deductible stock-based compensation, tax credits, and the foreign derived intangibles income tax benefit in the U.S. The tax expense decreased compared to October 31, 2023, mainly due to U.S. foreign tax credit relief available for the three months ended October 31, 2024 which was not available for the three months ended October 31, 2023 prior to the issuance of Notice 2023-80 by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”).
Current wording
We had an income tax expense of $82 million, relative to pre-tax income of $234 million for the three months ended April 30, 2025, and an income tax expense of $57 million, relative to pre-tax income of $309 million for the three months ended April 30, 2024. Income tax expense for the three months ended April 30, 2025, reflects U.S. and foreign tax expense, including withholding tax, reduced by tax-deductible stock-based compensation, and tax credits. The tax expense increased compared to April 30, 2024, primarily due to the election made in the U.S. regarding the timing of taxation of revenue, which reduced the taxable benefit arising from foreign-derived intangible income (“FDII”) and increased tax expense associated with global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”).
Previous wording
The U.S. Tax Cut and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”) enacted on December 22, 2017, eliminates the option to deduct research and development expenditures and requires taxpayers to capitalize and amortize such expenditures over five or fifteen years beginning in fiscal 2023. We anticipate that the U.S. Department of Treasury will continue to interpret or issue guidance on how provisions of the Tax Act will be applied or otherwise administered. As future guidance is issued, we may adjust the amounts that we have previously recorded that may materially impact our financial statements.
Current wording
The U.S. Tax Cut and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”) enacted on December 22, 2017, eliminates the option to deduct research and development expenditures and requires taxpayers to capitalize and amortize such expenditures over five or fifteen years beginning in fiscal 2023. Although Congress is considering legislation that would defer the capitalization and amortization requirement with respect to domestic research and development expenditures, there is no assurance that the provision will be repealed or otherwise modified.
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Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Our subscription plans represent a hybrid of desktop software and cloud functionality, which provides a device-independent, collaborative design workflow for designers and their stakeholders. Our cloud offerings, for example, Autodesk
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
For further discussion of the drivers of these results, see below under the heading “Results of Operations.”
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Income tax effects on the difference between GAAP and non-GAAP costs and expenses. The income tax effects that are excluded from the non-GAAP measures relate to the tax impact on the difference between GAAP and non-GAAP expenses, primarily due to stock-based compensation, amortization of purchased intangibles, and restructuring charges and other exit costs (benefits) for GAAP and non-GAAP measures.