Capital Bancorp Inc

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 - Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation

Nature of operations:

Capital Bancorp, Inc. is a Maryland corporation and the bank holding company (the “Company”) for Capital Bank, N.A. (the “Bank”). The Company's primary operations are conducted by the Bank, which operates branches in Rockville and Columbia, Maryland; Reston, Virginia; and the District of Columbia. The Bank is principally engaged in the business of investing in commercial, real estate, and credit card loans and attracting deposits. The Company originates residential mortgages for sale in the secondary market through Capital Bank Home Loans (“CBHL”), the Bank’s residential mortgage banking arm, and issues credit cards through OpenSky™, a digitally-driven nationwide credit card platform providing secured, partially secured, and unsecured credit solutions.

The Company formed Church Street Capital, LLC (“Church Street Capital”) in 2014 to provide short-term secured real estate financing to Washington, D.C. area investors and developers that may not meet all Bank credit criteria. At March 31, 2024, Church Street Capital had loans totaling $7.6 million with a collectively assessed allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) of $184 thousand. Refer to Note 5 - “Portfolio Loans Receivable” to the “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements” for further discussion of the consolidated ACL.

In addition, the Company owns all of the stock of Capital Bancorp (MD) Statutory Trust I (the “Trust”). The Trust is a special purpose non-consolidated entity organized for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities.

Basis of presentation:

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and include the activity of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the Bank and Church Street Capital. The statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. All adjustments have been made which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Such adjustments are all of a normal and recurring nature. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and the notes thereto as of December 31, 2023, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

The Company reports its activities asfour business segments: commercial banking; mortgage lending; credit cards; and corporate activities. In determining the appropriateness of segment definition, the Company considers components of the business about which financial information is available and regularly evaluated relative to resource allocation and performance assessment.

Significant accounting policies:

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. The primary reference point for the estimates is on historical experience and assumptions believed to be reasonable regarding the value of certain assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Estimates are evaluated on an ongoing

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 - Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation (continued)

basis. Actual results may materially differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. There have been no changes to our significant accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements:

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280), Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”). ASU 2023-07 requires public entities to disclose significant segment expenses, an amount and description for other segment items, the title and position of the entity’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures of profit or loss to assess segment performance, and, on an interim basis, certain segment related disclosures that previously were required only on an annual basis. ASU 2023-07 also clarifies that entities with a single reportable segment are subject to both new and existing segment reporting requirements and that an entity is permitted to disclose multiple measures of segment profit or loss, provided that certain criteria are met. ASU 2023-07 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company will update its segment related disclosures upon adoption.

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740), Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires public entities to disclose in their rate reconciliation table additional categories of information about federal, state and foreign income taxes and to provide more details about the reconciling items in some categories if items meet a quantitative threshold. ASU 2023-09 also requires all entities to disclose income taxes paid, net of refunds, disaggregated by federal, state and foreign taxes for annual periods and to disaggregate the information by jurisdiction based on quantitative thresholds, among other things. ASU 2023-09 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The Company will update its income tax disclosures upon adoption.

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Reclassifications:

Certain reclassifications have been made to amounts reported in prior periods to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassifications had no material effect on net income or total stockholders' equity.

Subsequent events:

Subsequent events are events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued. Recognized subsequent events are events or transactions that provide additional evidence about conditions that existed at the date of the balance sheet, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing financial statements. Non-recognized subsequent events are events that provide evidence about conditions that did not exist at the date of the balance sheet but arose after that date. Management has reviewed events through the date the financial statements were available to be issued and no subsequent events occurred requiring accrual or disclosure.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2 - Pending Acquisition

Pending Acquisition of Integrated Financial Holdings, Inc.

On March 27, 2024, the Company and Integrated Financial Holdings, Inc., a North Carolina corporation (“IFHI”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization (the “Merger Agreement”). The Merger Agreement provides that, upon the terms and conditions thereof, IFHI will merge with and into the Company (the “Merger”), with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation in the Merger. IFHI is a financial holding company based in Raleigh, North Carolina with total assets of approximately $548 million at December 31, 2023. IFHI is the holding company for West Town Bank & Trust, an Illinois state-chartered bank. West Town Bank & Trust provides banking services through its full-service office located in the greater Chicago area and is a nationwide lender in government guaranteed lending across both U.S. Department of Agriculture (“USDA”) and U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) government guaranteed lending. IFHI is also the parent company of Windsor Advantage, LLC, a loan service provider that offers community banks and credit unions with a comprehensive outsourced SBA 7(a) and USDA lending platform. IFHI is registered with and supervised by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve (“Federal Reserve”). West Town Bank & Trust’s primary regulators are the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation and the FDIC. Following the Merger, West Town Bank & Trust, will merge with and into the Bank, with the Bank as the surviving bank.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company incurred merger-related expenses related to the planned acquisition of IFHI totaling $0.7 million. The Merger is expected to close in the fourth quarter 2024 subject to regulatory approval.

Note 3 -Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash and amounts due from banks, interest-bearing deposits and federal funds sold. The Bank is required by regulations to maintain an average cash reserve balance based on a percentage of deposits; however, on March 15, 2020, the Federal Reserve announced that, due to economic conditions, reserve requirement ratios for all depository institutions would be reduced to zero percent effective March 26, 2020. The reserve requirement is still at zero percent as of March 31, 2024.

Note 4 -Investment Securities

The following table summarizes the amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses of securities available for sale at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 4 - Investment Securities (continued)

There wereno securities sold during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or the three months ended March 31, 2023. There wasno ACL required on available for sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities are shown by contractual maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities if borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.

(1)Asset-backed and Mortgage-backed securities are due in monthly installments.

There were no securities pledged at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 to secure public deposits and repurchase agreements. Pledged securities at the Federal Reserve’s Bank Term Funding Program (“BTFP”) totaled $170.7 million at December 31, 2023 withno securities pledged as of March 31, 2024 as the program ended during the first quarter 2024.

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. Government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 4 - Investment Securities (continued)

The following table summarizes debt securities available for sale in an unrealized loss position for which an ACL has not been recorded at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, aggregated by major security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position:

As of March 31, 2024, management determined the Company does not have the intent to sell, nor is it more likely than not that it will be required to sell, available for sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2024 before it is able to recover the amortized cost basis. Further, management reviewed the Company’s holdings as of March 31, 2024 and concluded there were no credit-related declines in fair value. Additional information related to the types of securities held at March 31, 2024, other than securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government entities or agencies, is as follows:

Corporate Securities — There have been no payment defaults on any of the Company’s holdings of corporate debt securities. There arefive securities all of which are subordinated debt of other financial institutions with face amounts ranging from $0.5 million to $2 million.

Municipal Securities — All of the Company’s holdings of municipal bonds were investment grade and there have been no payment defaults. Summary ratings information at March 31, 2024, based on the amortized cost basis and reflecting the lowest enhanced or underlying rating by Moody’s, Standard & Poors or Fitch, is as follows: AAA -82% of the portfolio; AA+ -8%; AA -10%.

Asset-backed Securities — There were three investment grade asset-backed securities, and there have been no payment defaults on these securities.

As such, it is deemed the above listed securities are not in an unrealized loss position due to credit-related issues and no further analysis is warranted as of March 31, 2024.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

The following is a summary of the major categories of total loans outstanding:

(1)Credit card loans are presented net of reserve for interest and fees.

The following tables set forth the changes in the ACL and an allocation of the ACL by loan segment class for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Past due loans, segregated by age and class of loans, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were as follows:

There were $2.4 million and $8.1 million of loans secured by one-to-four family residential properties in the process of foreclosure as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The increase in loans 60-89 days past due and special mention loan levels at March 31, 2024 from December 31, 2023 includes a single owner-occupied commercial real estate loan relationship with a total outstanding exposure amount of $11.6 million. The borrower fell behind in payments due to unexpected timing delays in the collection of outstanding receivables. Payments have resumed and the borrower remains actively engaged with the Company in resolving the past due status.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

The following presents the nonaccrual loans as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

The Company has certain loans for which repayment is dependent upon the operation or sale of collateral, as the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The underlying collateral can vary based upon the type of loan. The following provides more detail about the types of collateral that secure collateral dependent loans:

•Residential real estate loans are primarily secured by owner-occupied primary residences and, to a lesser extent, investor-owned residences.

•Commercial real estate loans can be secured by either owner-occupied commercial real estate or non-owner occupied investment commercial real estate. Typically, owner-occupied commercial real estate loans are secured by office buildings, warehouses, manufacturing facilities and other commercial and industrial properties occupied by operating companies. Non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans are generally secured by office buildings and complexes, retail facilities, multifamily complexes, land under development, industrial properties, as well as other commercial or industrial real estate.

•Construction loans are typically secured by owner-occupied commercial real estate or non-owner occupied investment real estate. Typically, owner-occupied construction loans are secured by office buildings, warehouses, manufacturing facilities, and other commercial and industrial properties that are in process of construction. Non-owner occupied commercial construction loans are generally secured by office buildings and complexes, multi-family complexes, land under development, and other commercial and industrial real estate in process of construction.

•Commercial and industrial loans are generally secured by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, and other commercial property.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Of the collateral dependent loans as of March 31, 2024, a specific reserve of $405 thousand and $150 thousand was assessed for residential real estate and commercial and industrial loans, respectively. Of the collateral dependent loans as of December 31, 2023, a specific reserve of $115 thousand was assessed for commercial and industrial loans. The Company had no modifications on loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Credit quality indicators

As part of the ongoing monitoring of the credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to the risk grade of loans, the level of classified loans, net charge-offs, nonperforming loans, and general economic conditions in the Company’s market. From a credit risk standpoint, the Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its loans. The classifications of loans reflect a judgment about the risk of expected credit loss associated with each loan. Credit quality indicators are reviewed and adjusted regularly to account for the degree of risk and expected credit loss that the Company believes to be appropriate for each financial asset.

A description of the general characteristics of loans characterized as classified is as follows:

Pass

Loans characterized as pass includes loans graded exceptional, very good, good, satisfactory and pass/watch. The Company believes that there is a low likelihood of credit deterioration related to those loans that are considered pass.

Special mention

A special mention loan has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special mention loans are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.

Borrowers may exhibit poor liquidity and leverage positions resulting from generally negative cash flow or negative trends in earnings. Access to alternative financing may be limited to finance companies for business borrowers and may be unavailable for commercial real estate borrowers.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Substandard

A substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current financial condition and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Borrowers may exhibit recent or unexpected unprofitable operations, an inadequate debt service coverage ratio, or marginal liquidity and capitalization. These loans require more intense supervision by Company management.

Doubtful

A doubtful loan has all the weaknesses associated with a substandard loan with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

The following table presents the balances of classified loans based on the most recent credit quality indicator analysis. Classified loans include Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful loans. Pass classified loans include loans graded exceptional, very good, good, satisfactory, and pass/watch. Credit card loans are ungraded as they are not individually graded. Charge-offs presented represent gross charge-offs recognized in the current period:

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Outstanding loan commitments were as follows:

(1)Outstanding loan commitments in the credit card portfolio include $108.4 million and $98.2 million in secured and partially secured balances as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Lines of credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition of the contract. Lines of credit generally have variable interest rates. Such lines do not represent future cash requirements because it is unlikely that all customers will, at any given time, draw upon their lines in full. Loan commitments generally have variable interest rates, fixed expiration dates, and may require payment of a fee.

The Company's maximum exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the customer is the contractual amount of the credit commitment. Loan commitments and lines of credit are generally made on the same terms, including with regard to collateral, as outstanding loans. Management is not aware of any accounting loss to be incurred by funding these loan commitments.

The Company maintains an estimated reserve for unfunded commitments and certain off-balance sheet items such as unfunded lines of credit, which is reflected in other liabilities, with increases or decreases in the reserve being charged to or released from operating expense. Activity for this account is as follows for the periods presented:

The Company makes representations and warranties that loans sold to investors meet the investors’ program guidelines and that the information provided by the borrowers is accurate and complete. In the event of a default on a loan sold, the investor may have the right to make a claim for losses due to document deficiencies, program non-compliance, early payment default, and fraud or borrower misrepresentations.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 5 - Portfolio Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

The Company maintains a reserve for potential losses on mortgage loans sold, which is reflected in other liabilities, with changes being charged to or released from operating expense. Activity in this reserve is as follows for the periods presented:

Note 6 -Derivative Financial Instruments

As part of its mortgage banking activities, the Company enters into interest rate lock commitments, which are commitments to originate loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding and customers have locked into that interest rate. The Company then locks the loan and rate in with an investor and commits to deliver the loan if settlement occurs (Best Efforts). Certain loans under rate lock commitments are covered under forward sales contracts. Forward sales contracts are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in mortgage banking revenue. Interest rate lock commitments and commitments to deliver loans to investors are considered to be derivatives. The market value of interest rate lock commitments and best efforts contracts are not readily ascertainable with precision because they are not actively traded in stand-alone markets. The Company determines the fair value of rate lock commitments by estimating the fair value of the underlying asset, which is impacted by current interest rates and takes into consideration the probability that the rate lock commitments will close or will be funded.

There were no outstanding derivative instruments as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Note 7 -Leases

The Company’s primary leasing activities relate to certain real estate leases entered into in support of the Company’s branch operations and back office operations. The Company leases four of its full service branches andfour other locations for corporate/administration activities, operations, and loan production. All property leases under lease agreements have been designated as operating leases. The Company does not have leases designated as finance leases.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease ROU assets are included in premises and equipment, and operating lease liabilities are included as other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The historical weighted average discount rate was 3.87% at March 31, 2024 and 3.79% at December 31, 2023. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease pre-payments. The Company's lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which the Company has elected to account for separately as the non-lease component amounts are readily determinable under most leases.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 7 - Leases (continued)

As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s net lease ROU assets and related lease liabilities were $3.0 million and $3.5 million, respectively, compared to December 31, 2023 balances of $3.6 million of ROU assets and $3.8 million of lease liabilities, and have remaining terms ranging fromone tonine years, including extension options that the Company is reasonably certain will be exercised. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had not entered into any material leases that have not yet commenced. The Company’s lease information is summarized as follows:

Future minimum payments for operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more are as follows:

Note 8 -Fair Value

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date. This includes certain U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government and government agency securities actively traded in over-the-counter markets.

Level 2 - Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 8 - Fair Value (continued)

Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value on a recurring basis:

Investment securities available for sale -The fair values for investment securities available for sale are provided by an independent pricing service and are determined by quoted market prices, if available (Level 1). For securities where quoted prices are not available, fair values are calculated based on market prices of similar securities (Level 2), using matrix pricing. Matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique commonly used to price debt securities that are not actively traded, values debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators (Level 3).

Loans held for sale - The fair value of loans held for sale is determined using quoted prices for similar assets, adjusted for specific attributes of that loan (Level 2).

Derivative financial instruments -The fair values of derivatives are based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2). Our derivatives are traded in an over-the-counter market where quoted market prices are not always available. Therefore, the fair values of derivatives are determined using quantitative models that utilize multiple market inputs. The inputs will vary based on the type of derivative, but could include interest rates, prices and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, prepayment rates, and volatility factors to value the position. The majority of market inputs are actively quoted and can be validated through external sources, including brokers, market transactions and third-party pricing services.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 8 - Fair Value (continued)

The Company has categorized its financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 as follows:

Financial instruments recorded using FASB ASC 825-10

Under FASB ASC 825-10, the Company may elect to report most financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis with changes in fair value reported in net income. After the initial adoption, the election is made at the acquisition of an eligible financial asset, financial liability or firm commitment or when certain specified reconsideration events occur. The fair value election, with respect to an item, may not be revoked once an election is made.

The following table reflects the difference between the fair value carrying amount of loans held for sale, measured at fair value under FASB ASC 825-10, and the aggregate unpaid principal amount the Company is contractually entitled to receive at maturity:

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 8 - Fair Value (continued)

The Company has elected to account for loans held for sale at fair value to eliminate the mismatch that would occur by recording changes in market value on derivative instruments used to hedge loans held for sale while carrying the loans at the lower of cost or market. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were no held for sale loans which were classified as nonaccrual.

Fair value measurements on a nonrecurring basis

Individually evaluated loans - The Company has measured expected credit losses based on the fair value of the loan's collateral and discounted cash flow analysis, where appropriate. Fair value of the collateral is generally determined based upon independent third-party appraisals of the properties, or discounted cash flows based upon the expected proceeds. These assets are included as Level 3 fair values. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair values consist of loan balances of $14.4 million and $16.0 million, with specific reserves of $879 thousand and $422 thousand, respectively.

Foreclosed real estate - The Company's foreclosed real estate is measured at fair value less cost to sell. Fair value is determined based on offers and/or appraisals. Cost to sell the real estate is based on standard market factors. The Company categorizes its foreclosed real estate as Level 3. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there wasno foreclosed real estate held by the Company.

The Company has categorized its financial instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 as follows:

The following table provides information describing the unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

Fair value of financial instruments

Fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, for which it is practical to estimate the value is based upon the characteristics of the instruments and relevant market information. Financial instruments include cash, evidence of ownership in an entity, or contracts that convey or impose on an entity the contractual right or obligation to either receive or deliver cash for another financial instrument.

The information used to determine fair value is highly subjective in nature and, therefore, the results are imprecise. Subjective factors include, among other things, estimates of cash flows, risk characteristics, credit quality, and interest rates, all of which are subject to change. Since the fair value is estimated as of the balance sheet date, the amounts that will actually be realized or paid upon settlement or maturity on these various instruments could be significantly different.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 8 - Fair Value (continued)

As of March 31, 2024, the techniques used by the Company to estimate the exit price of the loan portfolio consists of similar procedures to those used as of December 31, 2023. The fair value of the Company’s loan portfolio includes a credit risk assumption in the determination of the fair value of its loans. This credit risk assumption is intended to approximate the fair value that a market participant would realize in a hypothetical orderly transaction. The Company’s loan portfolio is initially fair valued using a segmented approach. The Company divides its loan portfolio into the following categories: variable rate loans, individually analyzed loans, and all other loans. The results are then adjusted to account for credit risk as described above, and a further credit risk discount is applied through the use of a discounted cash flow model to compensate for illiquidity risk, based on certain assumptions included within the discounted cash flow model, primarily the use of discount rates that better capture inherent credit risk over the lifetime of a loan.

For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and have no significant change in credit risk, fair values approximate carrying values. Fair values for impaired loans are estimated using discounted cash flow models or based on the fair value of the underlying collateral.

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents and investments in restricted stocks is the carrying amount. Restricted investments includes equity of the Federal Reserve and other banker’s banks.

The fair value of noninterest-bearing deposits and securities sold under agreements to repurchase is the carrying amount.

The fair value of checking, savings, and money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. Fair value of fixed maturity term accounts and individual retirement accounts is estimated using rates currently offered for accounts of similar remaining maturities.

The fair value of certificates of deposit in other financial institutions is estimated based on interest rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.

The fair value of borrowings is estimated by discounting the value of contractual cash flows using current market rates for borrowings with similar terms and remaining maturities.

The fair value of outstanding loan commitments, unused lines of credit, and letters of credit are not included in the table since the carrying value generally approximates fair value. These instruments generate fees that approximate those currently charged to originate similar commitments.

The table below presents the carrying amount, fair value, and placement in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 8 - Fair Value (continued)

Note 9 -Segments

The Company’s reportable segments represent business units with discrete financial information whose results are regularly reviewed by management. Thefour segments include Commercial Banking, Capital Bank Home Loans (the Company’s mortgage loan division), OpenSky™ (the Company’s credit card division) and the Corporate Office.

Effective January 1, 2024, the Company allocated certain expenses previously recorded directly to the Commercial Bank segment to the other segments. These expenses are for shared services also consumed by OpenSky™, CBHL, and Corporate. The Company performs an allocation process based on several metrics the Company believes more accurately ascribe shared service overhead to each segment. The Company believes this reflects the cost of support for each segment that should be considered in assessing segment performance. Historical information has been recast to reflect financial information consistently with the 2024 presentation.

Capital Bancorp, Inc. and SubsidiariesNotes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 9 - Segments (continued)

The following schedule presents financial information for each reportable segment at March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023.

(1)Noninterest expense includes $6.1 million and $5.9 million in data processing expense in OpenSky’s™ segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

(2)The Corporate segment invests idle cash in revenue producing assets including interest-bearing cash accounts, loan participations and other appropriate investments for the Company.