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Digital Turbine Inc

For the period ended Dec 31, 2023. Filed Feb 7, 2024.

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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Dec 31, 2023 · Filed Feb 7, 2024

APPS$11.30+8.9%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2023

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Note 1—Description of Business

Digital Turbine, Inc., through its subsidiaries (collectively “Digital Turbine” or the “Company”), is a leading independent mobile growth platform that levels up the landscape for advertisers, publishers, carriers, and device original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”). The Company offers end-to-end products and solutions leveraging proprietary technology to all participants in the mobile application ecosystem, enabling brand discovery and advertising, user acquisition and engagement, and operational efficiency for advertisers. In addition, the Company’s products and solutions provide monetization opportunities for OEMs, carriers, and application (“app” or “apps”) publishers and developers.

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Company consolidates the financial results and reports non-controlling interests representing the economic interests held by other equity holders of subsidiaries that are not 100% owned by the Company. The calculation of non-controlling interests excludes any net income (loss) attributable directly to the Company. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company acquired the remaining minority interest shareholders’ outstanding shares in one of its subsidiaries during the three months ended June 30, 2023 for $3,751. As a result, the Company owned 100% of all its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2023.

These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and related notes included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.

Unaudited Interim Financial Information

These accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the interim periods indicated. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full fiscal year.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in the financial statements include revenue recognition, including the determination of gross versus net revenue reporting, allowance for credit losses, stock-based compensation, fair value of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, useful lives of acquired intangible assets and property and equipment, fair value of contingent earn-out considerations, incremental borrowing rates for right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, and tax valuation allowances. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; therefore, actual results could differ materially from management’s estimates using different assumptions or under different conditions.

Management considered the potential impacts of ongoing macroeconomic uncertainty due to global events such as the conflicts in Ukraine and Israel, inflation, disruptions in supply chains, recessionary concerns impacting the markets in which the Company operates, and others, on the Company’s critical and significant accounting estimates. As of the date of issuance of these financial statements, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require the Company to update its estimates or judgments or revise the carrying value of its assets or liabilities as a result of such factors. Management’s estimates may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ from estimates and any such differences may be material to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no significant changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies in Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.

Note 3—Acquisitions

Acquisition of In App Video Services UK LTD.

On November 1, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of all outstanding ownership interests of In App Video Services UK LTD. (“In App”), pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “In App Acquisition”). Prior to the Acquisition, In App acted as a third-party representative of the Company’s App Growth Platform (“AGP”) segment’s products and services in the United Kingdom (“UK”). The acquisition of In App is part of the Company’s strategy to make investments that provide opportunities to grow market share and increase revenue in important markets and geographies like the UK.

The Company acquired In App for total estimated consideration in the range of $2,250 to $5,500, paid as follows: (1) $2,708 paid in cash at closing, including a working capital adjustment of approximately $460, with $1,000 of that amount held in escrow forone-year and (2) potential annual earn-out payments based on meeting annual revenue targets for the calendar years ended December 31, 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025. The annual earn-out payments are up to $250 for the year ended December 31, 2022, and $1,000 for each of the calendar years ended December 31, 2023, 2024, and 2025. Also, an incremental earn-out payment will be made for each of the calendar years ended 2023, 2024, and 2025 in an amount equal to 25% of revenue that is more than 150% of that calendar year’s revenue target. The earn out was not achieved for the calendar year ended December 31, 2022. The Company expects to pay approximately $1,100 for the earn out for the calendar year ended December 31, 2023.

On the acquisition date, the Company recorded the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the In App Acquisition, which resulted in the recognition of: (1) current assets, net of cash acquired, of $836, (2) current liabilities of $401, (3) acquisition purchase price liability of $2,738, and (4) goodwill of $4,957.

During the three months ended December 31, 2023, the Company reassessed the fair value of the purchase price liability based on current forecasts. As a result of this assessment, no additional remeasurement was recorded. As of December 31, 2023, the total remeasurement gain was equal to $372. Changes in the fair value of the earn-out liability subsequent to the acquisition date are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.

Additionally, during the three months ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a cumulative net measurement period adjustment that decreased goodwill by $65 (see Note 6). The Company made these measurement period adjustments to reflect the release and refund of escrow amounts in relation to the acquisition purchase price adjustment.

Note 4—Fair Value Measurements

Equity securities without readily determinable fair values

During the three months ended December 31, 2023, the Company purchased certain non-marketable equity securities for total proceeds of $9,138. As of December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, the carrying value of the Company’s investments in equity securities without readily determinable fair values totaled $17,637 and $8,499, respectively, and is included in “Other non-current assets” in the accompanied consolidated balance sheet. The Company’s investments in these equity securities without readily determinable fair values represents a strategic investment in one of the largest independent Android application stores.

As the non-marketable equity securities are investments in a privately held company without a readily determinable fair value, the Company elected the measurement alternative to account for these investments. Under the measurement alternative, the carrying value of the non-marketable equity securities are adjusted based on price changes from observable transactions of identical or similar securities of the same issuer or for impairment. Any changes in carrying value are recorded within other income (loss), net in the Company's condensed consolidated statement of operations.

For the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, there were no adjustments to the carrying value of equity securities without readily determinable fair values.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company uses a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:

Level 1. Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2. Significant other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

Level 3. Significant unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

As of December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, Level 1 equity securities recorded at fair value were $546 and $0, respectively, and are classified as other non-current assets.

Note 5—Segment Information

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise for which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company has determined that its Chief Executive Officer is the CODM. The Company reports its results of operations through the followingtwo segments, each of which represents an operating and reportable segment, as follows:

On Device Solutions (“ODS”) - This segment generates revenue from the delivery of mobile application media or content to end users with solutions for all participants in the mobile application ecosystem that want to connect with end users and consumers who hold the device. This includes mobile carriers and device OEMs that participate in the app economy, app publishers and developers, and brands and advertising agencies. This segment's product offerings are enabled through relationships with mobile device carriers and OEMs.

App Growth Platform (“AGP”) - AGP customers are primarily advertisers and publishers, and the segment provides platforms that allow mobile app publishers and developers to monetize their monthly active users via display, native, and video advertising. The AGP platforms allow demand side platforms, advertisers, agencies, and publishers to buy and sell digital ad impressions, primarily through programmatic, real-time bidding auctions and, in some cases, through direct-bought/sold advertiser budgets. The segment also provides brand and performance advertising products to advertisers and agencies.

The Company’s CODM evaluates segment performance and makes resource allocation decisions primarily based on segment net revenue and segment profit, as shown in the segment information summary table below. The Company’s CODM does not allocate other direct costs of revenue, operating expenses, interest and other income (expense), net, or provision for income taxes to these segments for the purpose of evaluating segment performance. Additionally, the Company does not allocate assets to segments for internal reporting purposes as the CODM does not manage the Company’s segments by such metrics.

A summary of segment information follows:

ODSAGPEliminationsConsolidated
Net revenue$94,298$49,181$(845)$142,634
Revenue share60,27610,933(845)70,364
Segment profit$34,022$38,248$—$72,270
ODSAGPEliminationsConsolidated
Net revenue$96,316$67,407$(1,413)$162,310
Revenue share57,55517,228(1,413)73,370
Segment profit$38,761$50,179$—$88,940
ODSAGPEliminationsConsolidated
Net revenue$291,608$144,323$(3,672)$432,259
Revenue share179,55432,793(3,672)208,675
Segment profit$112,054$111,530$—$223,584
ODSAGPEliminationsConsolidated
Net revenue$323,419$208,029$(5,646)$525,802
Revenue share185,79157,473(5,646)237,618
Segment profit$137,628$150,556$—$288,184

Geographic Area Information

Long-lived assets, excluding deferred tax assets, by region follow:

December 31, 2023March 31, 2023
United States and Canada$30,128$25,903
Europe, Middle East, and Africa13,39413,395
Asia Pacific and China7629
Consolidated property and equipment, net$43,598$39,327
December 31, 2023March 31, 2023
United States and Canada$139,588$122,377
Europe, Middle East, and Africa186,493252,524
Asia Pacific and China4,4504,731
Consolidated intangible assets, net$330,531$379,632

Net revenue by geography is based on the billing addresses of the Company’s customers and a reconciliation of disaggregated revenue by segment follows:

ODSAGPTotal
United States and Canada$37,927$33,671$71,598
Europe, Middle East, and Africa42,94711,29054,237
Asia Pacific and China12,8234,20117,024
Mexico, Central America, and South America60119620
Elimination——(845)
Consolidated net revenue$94,298$49,181$142,634
ODSAGPTotal
United States and Canada$38,949$29,911$68,860
Europe, Middle East, and Africa42,32126,44968,770
Asia Pacific and China12,97510,56423,539
Mexico, Central America, and South America2,0714832,554
Elimination——(1,413)
Consolidated net revenue$96,316$67,407$162,310
ODSAGPTotal
United States and Canada$117,044$96,844$213,888
Europe, Middle East, and Africa137,31733,808171,125
Asia Pacific and China35,48013,58849,068
Mexico, Central America, and South America1,767831,850
Elimination——(3,672)
Consolidated net revenue$291,608$144,323$432,259
ODSAGPTotal
United States and Canada$152,890$115,957$268,847
Europe, Middle East, and Africa125,46368,118193,581
Asia Pacific and China39,98922,83762,826
Mexico, Central America, and South America5,0771,1176,194
Elimination——(5,646)
Consolidated net revenue$323,419$208,029$525,802

Note 6—Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment follows:

ODSAGPTotal
Goodwill as of March 31, 2023$80,176$481,400$561,576
Purchase price adjustment—(65)(65)
Foreign currency translation—(3,275)(3,275)
Impairment of goodwill$—$(147,181)$(147,181)
Goodwill as of December 31, 2023$80,176$330,879$411,055

The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment at least annually or upon the occurrence of events or circumstances that indicate they would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. During annual testing as of March 31, 2023, the Company determined that the fair value of both reporting units was in excess of their carrying value. As a result of this review, the Company did not record an impairment charge in fiscal year 2023.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, as a result of sustained decline in the quoted market price of the Company’s common stock, increase in interest rates, and the Company’s forecasted operating trends, the Company identified interim indicators of impairment related to the goodwill assigned to the AGP reporting unit. The Company completed an impairment assessment of its goodwill, and as a result of this review, recorded a $147,181 non-deductible, non-cash goodwill impairment charge for the AGP reporting unit for the three months ended September 30, 2023. There wasno impairment of goodwill for the ODS reporting unit during the fiscal year.

The fair value of each reporting unit was estimated using a weighted combination of the income approach, which incorporates the use of the discounted cash flow method, and the market approach (the “Guideline Public Company Method”). The Company’s September 30, 2023 testing reflected a 75%/25% allocation between the income and market approaches. The Company believes the 75% weighting to the income approach is appropriate, as it directly reflects its future growth and profitability expectations.

For the three months ended December 31, 2023, no goodwill impairment charges were recorded.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a purchase price adjustment of $65 associated with the acquisition of In App Video.

Intangible Assets

The components of intangible assets were as follows as of the periods indicated:

Weighted-Average Remaining Useful LifeCostAccumulated AmortizationNet
Customer relationships12.01 years$169,106$(54,525)$114,581
Developed technology4.55 years152,561(60,204)92,357
Trade names1.58 years70,032(40,922)29,110
Publisher relationships17.10 years109,134(14,651)94,483
Total$500,833$(170,302)$330,531
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful LifeCostAccumulated AmortizationNet
Customer relationships12.06 years$170,281$(39,925)$130,356
Developed technology5.28 years146,596(38,813)107,783
Trade names2.33 years69,983(27,115)42,868
Publisher relationships17.83 years109,028(10,403)98,625
Total$495,888$(116,256)$379,632

The Company recorded amortization expense of $15,936 and $48,282, respectively, during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, and $16,120 and $48,422, respectively, during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2022, in general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Estimated amortization expense in future fiscal years is expected to be:

Fiscal year 2024$16,102
Fiscal year 202555,759
Fiscal year 202641,484
Fiscal year 202735,356
Fiscal year 202835,356
Thereafter146,474
Total$330,531

Note 7—Accounts Receivable

December 31, 2023March 31, 2023
Billed$140,668$136,921
Unbilled85,29551,474
Allowance for credit losses(8,724)(10,206)
Accounts receivable, net$217,239$178,189

Billed accounts receivable represent amounts billed to customers for which the Company has an unconditional right to consideration. Unbilled accounts receivable represent revenue recognized but billed after period-end. All unbilled receivables as of December 31, 2023 are expected to be billed and collected (subject to the allowance for credit losses) within twelve months.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The Company maintains reserves for current expected credit losses on accounts receivable. Management reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyzes historical bad debts, customer concentrations, current economic trends, and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the adequacy of these reserves.

The Company recorded $1,348 and $2,575 of credit loss expense during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, respectively, and $683 and $2,932 of credit loss expense during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, in general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Note 8—Property and Equipment

December 31, 2023March 31, 2023
Computer-related equipment$4,209$3,527
Developed software83,77663,891
Furniture and fixtures2,1422,103
Leasehold improvements3,7543,647
Property and equipment, gross93,88173,168
Accumulated depreciation(50,283)(33,841)
Property and equipment, net$43,598$39,327

Depreciation expense was $5,073 and $14,657 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, respectively, and $4,014 and $11,722 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2022, respectively. Depreciation expense for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, includes $4,501 and $10,820, respectively, related to internal-use software included in general and administrative expense and $572 and $3,837, respectively, related to internally-developed software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed included in other direct costs of revenue. Depreciation expense for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2022, includes $2,394 and $7,139, respectively, related to internal-use software included in general and administrative expense and $1,620 and $4,583, respectively, related to internally-developed software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed included in other direct costs of revenue.

Cloud Computing Arrangements

As of December 31, 2023, the net carrying value of capitalized implementation costs related to cloud computing arrangements that were incurred during the application development stage was $7,302, of which $1,239 was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $6,063 was included in other non-current assets. As of March 31, 2023, the net carrying value of capitalized implementation costs related to cloud computing arrangements that were incurred during the application development stage was $736, and was included in other non-current assets.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, amortization expenses for implementation costs of cloud-based computing arrangements were $310 and $0, respectively.

Note 9—Debt

The following table summarizes borrowings under the Company’s debt obligations and the associated interest rates:

BalanceInterest RateUnused Line Fee
Revolver (subject to variable interest rate)$376,0007.49%0.30%

Debt obligations on the condensed consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:

December 31, 2023March 31, 2023
Revolver$376,000$413,134
Less: Debt issuance costs(1,966)(2,612)
Long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs$374,034$410,522

Revolver

On February 3, 2021, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Bank of America, N.A. (“BoA”), which provided for a revolving line of credit (the “Revolver”) of up to $100,000 with an accordion feature enabling the Company to increase the total amount up to $200,000.

On April 29, 2021, the Company amended and restated the Credit Agreement (the “New Credit Agreement”) with BoA, as a lender and administrative agent, and a syndicate of other lenders, which provided for a revolving line of credit of up to $400,000. The revolving line of credit matures on April 29, 2026, and contains an accordion feature enabling the Company to increase the total amount of the Revolver by $75,000 plus an amount that would enable the Company to remain in compliance with its consolidated secured net leverage ratio, on such terms as agreed to by the parties. The New Credit Agreement was subsequently amended as follows:

First Amendment: Increase in the Revolver to $525,000 while retaining the $75,000 accordion feature discussed above, for a total potential revolving line of credit of $600,000 on December 29, 2021.

Second Amendment: LIBOR was replaced with the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”). As a result, borrowings under the New Credit Agreement where the applicable rate was LIBOR will accrue interest at an annual rate equal to SOFR plus between 1.50% and 2.25% beginning on the effective date of the Second Amendment, which was October 26, 2022.

The First and Second Amendments discussed above made no other changes to the terms of the New Credit Agreement, which contains customary covenants, representations, and events of default and also requires the Company to comply with a maximum consolidated secured net leverage ratio and minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio.

The Company incurred debt issuance costs of $4,064 for the New Credit Agreement, inclusive of costs incurred for the First and Second Amendments. Deferred debt issuance costs are recorded as a reduction of the carrying value of the debt on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. All deferred debt issuance costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the loan to interest expense.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $376,000 drawn against the New Credit Agreement, classified as long-term debt on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, with remaining unamortized debt issuance costs of $1,966.

As of December 31, 2023, amounts outstanding under the New Credit Agreement accrue interest at an annual rate equal to, at the Company’s election, (i) SOFR plus between 1.50% and 2.25%, based on the Company’s consolidated secured net leverage ratio, or (ii) a base rate based upon the highest of (a) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (b) BoA’s prime rate, or (c) SOFR plus 1.00% plus between 0.50% and 1.25%, based on the Company’s consolidated secured leverage ratio. Additionally, the New Credit Agreement is subject to an unused line of credit fee between 0.15% and 0.35% per annum, based on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio. As of December 31, 2023, the interest rate was 7.49% and the unused line of credit fee was 0.30%.

The Company’s payment and performance obligations under the New Credit Agreement and related loan documents are secured by its grant of a security interest in substantially all of its personal property assets, whether now existing or hereafter acquired, subject to certain exclusions. If the Company acquires any real property assets with a fair market value in excess of $5,000, it is required to grant a security interest in such real property as well. All such security interests are required to be first priority security interests, subject to certain permitted liens.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $149,000 available to draw on the revolving line of credit under the New Credit Agreement, excluding the accordion feature, subject to the required covenants. As of December 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with all covenants. The fair value of the Company’s outstanding debt approximates its carrying value.

The Company entered into a Third Amendment to the New Credit Agreement on February 5, 2024 to provide further financing flexibility to fund growth initiatives and meet general corporate obligations. Refer to Note 14 for further discussion.

Interest expense, net

Interest expense, net, amortization of debt issuance costs, and unused line of credit fees were recorded in interest expense, net, on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), as follows:

Three months ended December 31,Nine months ended December 31,
2023202220232022
Interest expense, net$(7,351)$(6,671)$(22,008)$(15,538)
Amortization of debt issuance costs(211)(211)(635)(619)
Unused line of credit fees and other(104)(31)(257)(67)
Total interest expense, net$(7,666)$(6,913)$(22,900)$(16,224)

Note 10—Stock-Based Compensation

2020 Equity Incentive Plan of Digital Turbine, Inc. (the “2020 Plan”)

On September 15, 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Plan, pursuant to which the Company may grant equity incentive awards to directors, employees and other eligible participants. A total of 12,000,000 shares of common stock were reserved for grant under the 2020 Plan. The types of awards that may be granted under the 2020 Plan include incentive and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, and restricted stock units. The 2020 Plan became effective on September 15, 2020, and has a term often years. Stock options may be either incentive stock options, as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), or non-qualified stock options. As of December 31, 2023,4,407,643 shares of common stock were available for issuance as future awards under the 2020 Plan.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option activity:

Number of SharesWeighted-Average Exercise Price(per share)Weighted-Average RemainingContractualLife(in years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value(in thousands)
Options outstanding as of March 31, 20236,950,436$12.736.12$45,689
Granted602,49112.66
Exercised(1,156,633)3.31
Forfeited / Expired(247,175)34.28
Options outstanding as of December 31, 20236,149,119$13.565.58$14,162
Exercisable as of December 31, 20234,881,767$11.234.77$14,051

At December 31, 2023, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options, net of estimated forfeitures, was $16,221, with an expected remaining weighted-average recognition period of 1.88 years.

Restricted Stock

Awards of restricted stock units may be either grants of time-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”) or performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) that are issued at no cost to the recipient. The stock-based compensation expense for these awards is determined using the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. No capital transaction occurs until the units vest, at which time they are converted to restricted or unrestricted stock. Compensation expense for RSUs with a time condition is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company periodically grants PSUs to certain key employees that are subject to the achievement of specified internal performance metrics over a specified performance period. The terms and conditions of the PSUs generally allow for vesting of the awards ranging between forfeiture and up to 200% of target. Stock-based compensation expense for PSUs with a performance condition are recognized on a straight-line basis based on the most likely attainment scenario over the performance period. The most likely attainment scenario is re-evaluated each period.

Restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) are awards of common stock that are legally issued and outstanding. RSAs are subject to time-based restrictions on transfer and unvested portions are generally subject to a risk of forfeiture if the award recipient ceases providing services to the Company prior to the lapse of the restrictions. The stock-based compensation expense for these awards is determined using the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. The RSAs have time conditions and in some cases, once the stock vests, the individual is restricted from selling the shares of stock for a certain defined period, from three months toone year, depending on the terms of the RSA.

The following table summarizes RSU, PSU, and RSA activity:

Number of SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested restricted shares outstanding as of March 31, 20231,670,589$24.96
Granted4,171,24810.53
Vested(1,328,364)17.23
Forfeited(227,894)16.84
Unvested restricted shares outstanding as of December 31, 20234,285,579$13.23

At December 31, 2023, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs, PSUs and RSAs, net of estimated forfeitures was $44,831, with an expected remaining weighted-average recognition period of 2.03 years.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, was$7,987 and$27,020, respectively, and was recorded within general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2022, was $7,620 and $19,643, respectively, and was recorded within general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). For the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, the Company determined that achievement of the performance goals for certain PSU’s was improbable, and as a result, compensation expense of $985 related to the PSUs granted was reversed.

Note 11—Earnings per Share

Basic net (loss) income per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net (loss) income per share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the effect of potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period using the applicable methods.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share of common stock (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Three months ended December 31,Nine months ended December 31,
2023202220232022
Net (loss) income per common share(14,061)4,062(183,942)30,723
Less: net (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interest—43(220)118
Net (loss) income attributable to Digital Turbine, Inc.$(14,061)$4,019$(183,722)$30,605
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic101,37699,108100,64398,623
Basic net (loss) income per common share attributable to Digital Turbine, Inc.$(0.14)$0.04$(1.83)$0.31
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, diluted101,376103,348100,643103,674
Diluted net (loss) income per common share attributable to Digital Turbine, Inc.$(0.14)$0.04$(1.83)$0.30

Potentially dilutive outstanding securities of 2,082,662 and 3,157,800 for thethree and nine months ended December 31, 2023, respectively, and 1,477,381 and 1,462,517 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2022, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Note 12—Income Taxes

The Company's provision for income taxes as a percentage of pre-tax earnings (“effective tax rate”) is based on a current estimate of the annual effective income tax rate, adjusted to reflect the impact of discrete items. In accordance with ASC 740, Accounting for Income Taxes, jurisdictions forecasting losses that are not benefited due to valuation allowances are not included in our forecasted effective tax rate.

During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, a tax benefit of $2,845 and $5,097, respectively, resulted in an effective tax rate of 16.8% and 2.7%, respectively. Differences between the effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate primarily relate to the non-deductible goodwill impairment charge, tax limitations on deductions for compensation, state tax benefits and foreign rate differences.

During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2022, a tax benefit of $1,153 and a tax provision of $8,164 resulted in an effective tax rate of (39.6)% and 21.0%, respectively. Differences between the effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate primarily relate to return to provision true-ups filed during the period.

Note 13—Commitments and Contingencies

Hosting Agreements

The Company enters into hosting agreements with service providers and in some cases, those agreements include minimum commitments that require the Company to purchase a minimum amount of service over a specified time period (“the minimum commitment period”). The minimum commitment period is generallyone-year in duration and the hosting agreements include multiple minimum commitment periods. Our minimum purchase commitments under these hosting agreements total approximately $278,600 over the next four fiscal years.

Legal Matters

The Company may be involved in various claims, suits, assessments, investigations, and legal proceedings that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of its business. The Company accrues a liability when it is both probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company reviews these accruals at least quarterly and adjusts them to reflect ongoing negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other relevant information. To the extent new information is obtained and the Company’s views on the probable outcomes of claims, suits, assessments, investigations, or legal proceedings change, changes in the Company’s accrued liabilities would be recorded in the period such determination is made. For some matters, the amount of liability is not probable or the amount cannot be reasonably estimated and, therefore, accruals have not been made.

On June 6, 2022 and July 21, 2022, stockholders of the Company filed class action complaints against the Company and certain of the Company’s officers in the Western District of Texas related to Digital Turbine, Inc.’s announcement in May 2022 that it would restate some of its financial results. The claims allege violations of certain federal securities laws. These have been consolidated into In re Digital Turbine, Inc. Securities Litigation, Case No. 1:22-cv-00550-DAE. On July 19, 2023, the Western District court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the case. The plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on August 23, 2023, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on September 22, 2023, and briefing on the motion to dismiss is complete as of November 13, 2023. The court has not yet issued a ruling on the Company’s motion to dismiss the amended complaint. In addition, several derivative actions have been filed against the Company and the Company’s directors, which all assert claims of breach of fiduciary duties arising out of the same facts as the securities class action. The cases are Olszanski v. Digital Turbine, Inc., et al.; Case No. 1:22-cv-911 in federal court in the Western District of Texas (October 4, 2022); Witt v. Digital Turbine, Inc., et al; Case 1:22-cv-01429-UNA in federal court in the District of Delaware (February 14, 2023); and Krumwiede v. Digital Turbine, Inc.; Case No. 2023-0277 in state court in the Delaware Chancery Court (March 6, 2023). The federal derivative cases have been stayed under a court order, pending a ruling on any motion to dismiss the federal class action. The Company and the individual defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Delaware Chancery case on May 11, 2023. The Company and individual defendants deny any allegations of wrongdoing and the Company plans to vigorously defend against the claims asserted in these complaints. Due to the early stages of these cases, management is unable to assess a likely outcome or potential liability at this time.

As previously disclosed, on July 25, 2023, a stockholder (the “Plaintiff”) filed a Verified Stockholder Derivative and Class Action Complaint captioned Garfield v. Gyani, et al., C.A. No. 2023-0755-JTL (the “Action”) in the Delaware Court of Chancery (the “Court”). Plaintiff alleged that in May 2023, the Compensation and Human Capital Management Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) granted the Company’s Chief Executive Officer certain equity awards that allegedly exceeded annual limits in the Company’s 2020 Equity Incentive Plan. Defendants denied any and all allegations that they engaged in any wrongdoing. On September 15, 2023, the Board amended the terms of the awards to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer to clarify that any awards exceeding the annual limit were void, thereby mooting the Plaintiff’s claims. The Plaintiff and the Company agreed that the Board’s amendment of the awards rendered the Plaintiff’s claims moot. The Company agreed to pay $180 to settle the Plaintiff’s claim to entitlement to an award of attorneys’ fees and reimbursement of expenses. On December 20, 2023, the Court entered a Stipulation and Order of Dismissal in the Action to reflect the settlement.

Note 14—Subsequent Events

The Company evaluated subsequent events through the issuance date of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, which was February 7, 2024. There were no events or transactions during the subsequent event reporting period that required disclosure in the condensed consolidated financial statements, other than:

The Company entered into a Third Amendment to the New Credit Agreement on February 5, 2024 to provide further financing flexibility to fund growth initiatives and meet general corporate obligations. The Third Amendment to the New Credit Agreement amended the maximum consolidated secured net leverage covenant and the minimum consolidated net interest coverage covenant. In addition, it increased the limit of permitted, other investments, including equity investments and joint ventures from $20,000 in the aggregate in any fiscal year of the Company to $75,000 and increased the annual interest rate, which will be SOFR plus between 1.50% and 2.75%, based on the Company’s consolidated secured net leverage ratio.

On February 5, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with One Store Co., Ltd. (“One Store”), whereby the Company will invest $10,000 into One Store in exchange for shares of common stock of One Store, the largest alternative app store in South Korea. In addition, the Company agreed to make additional investments of $10,000 and $10,000 upon the achievement oftwo distinct performance milestones. Further, the Company agreed to invest $5,000 in a joint venture (“European Joint Venture”) upon achievement of the first above performance milestone and an additional $10,000 into the European Joint Venture upon achievement of the second performance milestone. It is anticipated that the Company would receive a 49.9% interest in the European Joint Venture. The Company expects to fund the initial investment of $10,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

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