Capitol Federal Financial Inc

Asset Quality

Delinquent and nonaccrual loans and OREO. The following table presents the Company's 30 to 89 day delinquent loans at the dates indicated. The amounts in the table represent the unpaid principal balance of the loans less related charge-offs, if any. Of the loans 30 to 89 days delinquent at March 31, 2024, 68% were 59 days or less delinquent.

The following table presents the Company's nonaccrual loans and OREO at the dates indicated. The amounts in the table represent the unpaid principal balance of the loans less related charge-offs, if any. Nonaccrual loans are loans that are 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure and other loans required to be reported as nonaccrual pursuant to accounting and/or regulatory reporting requirements and/or internal policies, even if the loans are current. At all dates presented, there were no loans 90 or more days delinquent that were still accruing interest. Non-performing assets include nonaccrual loans and OREO.

(1)Includes loans required to be reported as nonaccrual pursuant to accounting and/or internal policies, even if the loans are current.

(2)Real estate-related consumer loans where we also hold the first mortgage are included in the one- to four-family category as the underlying collateral is one- to four-family property.

The following table presents the states where the properties securing ten percent or more of the total amount of our one- to four-family loans are located and the corresponding balance of loans 30 to 89 days delinquent, 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure, and weighted average LTV ratios for loans 90 or more days delinquent or in foreclosure at March 31, 2024. The LTV ratios were based on the current loan balance and either the lesser of the purchase price or original appraisal, or the most recent Bank appraisal, if available. At March 31, 2024, potential losses, after taking into consideration anticipated private mortgage insurance proceeds and estimated selling costs, have been charged-off.

Classified loans. The following table presents loans classified as special mention or substandard at the dates presented. The amounts in the table represent the unpaid principal balance of the loans less related charge-offs, if any. The increase in commercial special mention loans at March 31, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023 was due mainly to one loan moving to special mention during the March 31, 2024 quarter as certain underlying economic considerations related to this loan are being monitored by management.

Allowance for Credit Losses. The distribution of our ACL and the ratio of ACL to loans receivable, by loan type, at the dates indicated is summarized below. See "Note 4. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses" for additional information related to the calculation of ACL as of March 31, 2024.

The following table presents ACL activity and related ratios at the dates and for the periods indicated. On October 1, 2023, the Bank adopted ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures("ASU 2022-02"), which eliminated the accounting guidance for TDRs by creditors. The Company applied a modified retrospective approach when adopting ASU 2022-02, resulting in a cumulative-effect adjustment which is reflected in the table below ("ASU 2022-02 Adoption"). See "Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for additional information regarding the adoption of ASU 2022-02.

The ratio of NCOs to average non-performing assets was lower at the end of the current year period due primarily to lower NCOs compared to the prior year period. The ratio of ACL to nonaccrual loans was lower at the end of the current year period compared to the end of the prior year period due mainly to a higher balance of nonaccrual loans compared to the prior year period, partially offset by a higher ACL balance at March 31, 2024. The ratio of ACL to loans receivable, net was higher at the end of the current year period compared to the end of the prior year period due to a higher commercial loan ACL balance at March 31, 2024. The ratio of ACL to NCOs was higher at the end of the current year period compared to the end of the prior year period due mainly to lower NCOs, along with a higher ACL balance. See "Note 4. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses" for additional information related to ACL activity by specific loan categories.

The following table presents NCOs, average loans, and NCOs as a percentage of average loans, by loan type, for the periods indicated.

While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the adequacy of the ACL is determined by certain factors outside of the Company's control, such as the performance of our loan portfolio, changes in the economic environment including economic uncertainty, changes in interest rates, and the views of regulatory authorities toward classification of assets and the level of ACL. Additionally, the level of ACL may fluctuate based on the balance and mix of the loan portfolio. If actual results reflect significant underperformance compared to our assumptions and/or if one or more of our assumptions, such as the economic forecast, represents a more negative outlook in a future period, there could be additions to our ACL and an increase in the provision for credit losses.

Securities. The following table presents the distribution of our securities portfolio, at amortized cost, at the dates indicated. The majority of our securities are government guaranteed or issued by GSEs. Overall, fixed-rate securities comprised 94% of our securities portfolio at March 31, 2024. The weighted average life ("WAL") is the estimated remaining maturity (in years) after three month historical prepayment speeds and projected call option assumptions have been applied. Weighted average yields on tax-exempt securities are not calculated on a fully tax-equivalent basis. The change in the portfolio yield at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 compared to September 30, 2023 was primarily related to the securities strategy.

The following table summarizes the activity in our securities portfolio for the periods presented. The weighted average yields for the beginning and ending balances are as of the first and last days of the periods presented and are generally derived from recent prepayment activity on the securities in the portfolio. The beginning and ending WALs are the estimated remaining principal repayment terms (in years) after three month historical prepayment speeds and projected call option assumptions have been applied.