CAMDEN PROPERTY TRUST

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes appearing elsewhere in this report. Historical results and trends which might appear in the consolidated financial statements should not be interpreted as being indicative of future operations.

Discussion of our year-to-date comparisons between 2024 and 2023 is presented below. Year-to-date comparisons between 2023 and 2022 can be found in "Part II. Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

We consider portions of this report to be "forward-looking" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Exchange Act, both as amended, with respect to our expectations for future periods. Forward-looking statements do not discuss historical fact, but instead include statements related to expectations, projections, intentions, or other items relating to the future; forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, results, or events. Although we believe the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, we can give no assurance our expectations will be achieved. Any statements contained herein which are not statements of historical fact should be deemed forward-looking statements. Reliance should not be placed on these forward-looking statements as these statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors beyond our control and could differ materially from our actual results and performance.

Factors which may cause our actual results or performance to differ materially from those contemplated by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:

•Volatility in capital and credit markets, or other unfavorable changes in economic conditions, either nationally or regionally in one or more of the markets in which we operate, could adversely impact us;

•Short-term leases could expose us to the effects of declining market rents;

•We could be negatively impacted by the risks associated with land holdings and related activities;

•Development, repositions, redevelopment and construction risks could impact our profitability;

•Our acquisition strategy may not produce the cash flows expected;

•Changes in rent control or rent stabilization laws and regulations could adversely affect our operations and property values;

•Failure to qualify as a REIT could have adverse consequences;

•Tax laws may continue to change at any time and any such legislative or other actions could have a negative effect on us;

•A cybersecurity incident and other technology disruptions could negatively impact our business;

•We have significant debt, which could have adverse consequences;

•Insufficient cash flows could limit our ability to make required payments for debt obligations or pay distributions to shareholders;

•Issuances of additional debt may adversely impact our financial condition;

•We may be unable to renew, repay, or refinance our outstanding debt;

•Rising interest rates could increase our borrowing costs, lower the value of our real estate, and decrease our share price, leading investors to seek higher yields through other investments;

•Failure to maintain our current credit ratings could adversely affect our cost of funds, related margins, liquidity, and access to capital markets;

•Share ownership limits and our ability to issue additional equity securities may prevent takeovers beneficial to shareholders;

•The form, timing, and amount of dividend distributions in future periods may vary and be impacted by economic and other considerations;

•Litigation risks could affect our business;

•Damage from catastrophic weather and other natural events could result in losses;

•Competition could adversely affect our ability to acquire properties; and

•We could be adversely impacted due to our share price fluctuations.

These forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions as of the date of this report, and we assume no obligation to update or supplement forward-looking statements because of subsequent events.

Executive Summary

We are primarily engaged in the ownership, management, development, reposition, redevelopment, acquisition, and construction of multifamily apartment communities. Overall, we focus on investing in markets characterized by high-growth economic conditions, strong employment, and attractive quality of life which we believe leads to higher demand and retention of our apartments. As of December 31, 2024, we owned interests in, operated, or were developing 177 multifamily properties comprised of 59,996 apartment homes across the United States as detailed in the Property Portfolio table below. In addition, we own other land holdings which we may develop into multifamily apartment communities in the future.

Business Environment and Current Outlook

Our results for the year ended December 31, 2024, reflect an increase in same store revenues of approximately 1.3% as compared to the same period in 2023. The increase was due to higher rental income as a result of higher average rental rates and lower uncollectible revenue, which we believe was primarily attributable to job growth, favorable demographics with a higher propensity to rent versus buy, and continued demand for multifamily housing in our markets.

We believe the levels of new multifamily supply in the submarkets and asset classes in which we operate will continue to be elevated into 2025 but should be met with continued demand to absorb these new deliveries. However, if this were to change or other economic conditions were to worsen, our operating results could be adversely affected.

Consolidated Results

Net income attributable to common shareholders was $163.3 million and $403.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The decrease during the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to recognizing a higher gain on sale of two operating properties in 2023 of $225.4 million as compared to recognizing a gain on sale of one operating property in 2024 of $43.8 million. The decrease was also due to recognizing a $41.0 million impairment associated with land development activities in 2024 and no impairments recognized in 2023. See further discussion of our 2024 operations as compared to 2023 in"Results of Operations," below.

Construction and Development Activity

At December 31, 2024, we had a total of three projects under construction to be comprised of 1,138 apartment homes. Initial occupancies of these three projects are currently scheduled to occur within the next two years. As of December 31, 2024, we estimated the total additional cost to complete the construction of these three properties is approximately $243.6 million.

In the third quarter of 2024, we stopped development activities for the foreseeable future on four of our developments and recorded approximately $41.0 million of impairment charges on three of these land parcels. We review our long-lived assets on an annual basis or whenever events or circumstances indicated the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable and our impairment evaluations take into consideration the current and anticipated economic climate. We currently have three other land parcels held for future development we plan to develop, and the commencement of future developments may be impacted by macroeconomic issues, multifamily market conditions, and other factors. We will continue to evaluate future development starts based on market, economic, and capital market conditions. There can be no assurance we will not have impairments charges in the future.

Disposition

In February 2024, we sold one operating property comprised of 592 apartment homes located in Atlanta, Georgia, for approximately $115.0 million and recognized a gain of approximately $43.8 million.

Capital Market Highlights

In January 2024, we issued $400.0 million of 4.90% senior unsecured notes due January 15, 2034. We utilized a portion of the net proceeds from these notes to repay the outstanding balance on our $300.0 million, 6.21% unsecured term loan due in August 2024. As a result of this early repayment of the $300.0 million unsecured term loan, we expensed approximately $0.9 million of unamortized loan costs, which are reflected in the loss on early retirement of debt in our consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

In September 2024, we extended the maturity date of our $40.0 million unsecured floating rate term loan with an unrelated third party from September 2024 to September 2026.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, we utilized cash on hand and our unsecured revolving credit facility to repay unsecured notes payable totaling $500.0 million, plus accrued interest.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased 515,974 common shares for approximately $50.0 million at an average price of $96.88 per share under our $500.0 million share repurchase plan. As of the date of this filing, the remaining dollar value of our common equity securities authorized to be repurchased under this plan was approximately $450.0 million.

Subsequent Events

In January 2025, we purchased one operating property comprised of 352 homes located in the Austin, Texas metropolitan area for approximately $67.7 million.

Future Outlook

Subject to market conditions, we intend to continue to seek opportunities to acquire operating communities, develop new communities, and to redevelop and reposition existing communities. We also intend to evaluate our operating property and land development portfolios and plan to continue our practice of selective dispositions as market conditions warrant and opportunities arise. We expect to maintain a strong balance sheet and preserve our financial flexibility by continuing to focus on our core fundamentals which currently are generating positive cash flows from operations, maintaining appropriate debt levels and leverage ratios, and controlling overhead costs. We intend to meet our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements through a combination of one or more of the following: cash flows generated from operations, draws on our unsecured revolving credit facility, the use of debt and equity offerings under our automatic shelf registration statement, proceeds from property dispositions, equity issued from our ATM programs, other unsecured borrowings, or secured mortgages.

As of December 31, 2024, we had approximately $1.0 billion available under our $1.2 billion unsecured revolving credit facility and do not have any debt maturing until April 2026. As of December 31, 2024, and through the date of this filing, we also had common shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $500.0 million remaining available for sale under our 2023 ATM program. We believe we are well-positioned with a strong balance sheet and sufficient liquidity to fund new development, redevelopment, and other capital funding requirements. We will, however, continue to assess and take further actions we believe are prudent to meet our objectives and capital requirements.

Property Portfolio

Our multifamily property portfolio is summarized as follows:

Stabilized Communities

We generally consider a property stabilized once it reaches 90% occupancy. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we completed the construction of 387 homes at Camden NoDa in Charlotte, North Carolina and achieved stabilization during the quarter ended March 31, 2024.

Completed Construction in Lease-Up

At December 31, 2024, there were three completed operating properties in lease-up as follows:

(1)Excludes leasing costs, which are expensed as incurred.

Properties Under Development and Land

Our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2024 included approximately $401.5 million related to properties under development and land. Of this amount, approximately $211.4 million related to our projects currently under construction. In addition, we had approximately $190.1 million primarily invested in land held for future development and land holdings, which included approximately $132.3 million related to land held for future development and $57.8 million invested in land which we may develop in the future.

Properties Under Construction. At December 31, 2024, we had three properties in various stages of construction as follows:

Development Pipeline Communities. At December 31, 2024, we had the following communities undergoing development activities:

(1)Represents our estimate of total costs we expect to incur on these projects. However, forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, results, or events. Although we believe these expectations are based upon reasonable assumptions, future events rarely develop exactly as forecasted and estimates routinely require adjustment.

Land Holdings. At December 31, 2024, we also had four undeveloped land tracts with a valuation of approximately $57.8 million.

Geographic Diversification

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the book value of our real estate assets by various markets, excluding depreciation, were as follows: