BOEING CO

Overview

In May 2025, the U.S. government released the President's budget request for fiscal year 2026 (FY26), which requested $848 billion in funding for the U.S. Department of Defense (U.S. DoD) and $19 billion for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The corresponding FY25 appropriated levels are $856 billion for U.S. DoD and $25 billion for NASA.

In July 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act appropriated an additional $156 billion for national defense priorities and an additional $10 billion for NASA programs over the next several years.

There is ongoing uncertainty with respect to final program-level spending for the U.S. DoD, NASA and other government agencies for FY26 and beyond. Future budget cuts or investment priority changes, including changes associated with the authorizations and appropriations process, could result in reductions, cancellations and/or delays of existing contracts or programs. Any of these impacts could have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.

The non-U.S. market continues to be driven by complex and evolving security challenges and the need to modernize aging equipment and inventories. BDS expects that it will continue to have a wide range of opportunities across Asia, Europe and the Middle East given the diverse regional threats. At June 30, 2025, 22% of BDS backlog was attributable to non-U.S. customers.

Since our operating cycle is long-term and involves many different types of development and production contracts with varying delivery and milestone schedules, the operating results of a particular period may not be indicative of future operating results. In addition, depending on the customer and their funding sources, our orders might be structured as annual follow-on contracts, or as one large multi-year order or long-term award. As a result, period-to-period comparisons of backlog are not necessarily indicative of future workloads. The following discussions of comparative results among periods should be viewed in this context.

Deliveries of new-build production units, including remanufactures and modifications, were as follows:

BDS revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2025, decreased by $56 million compared with the same period in 2024. The decrease is primarily due to lower volume on certain programs including P-8, Ground-based Midcourse Defense and E-7, as well as the absence of a favorable MQ-25 contract modification that was awarded during the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in revenue was largely offset by $608 million of lower net unfavorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments compared to the prior year comparable period.

BDS revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2025, increased by $596 million compared with the same period in 2024. The increase reflects lower net unfavorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments on major fixed-price development programs. Unfavorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments were $538 million lower than the prior year comparable period.

Earnings/(Loss) From Operations

BDS earnings from operations for the six months ended June 30, 2025, was $265 million, compared with loss from operations of $762 million in the same period in 2024. The increase in earnings is primarily due to lower net unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $1,352 million compared to the prior year comparable period. The lower net unfavorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments were partially offset by lower volume. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, losses incurred on the five major fixed-price development programs totaled $1,266 million.

BDS earnings from operations was $110 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025, compared with loss from operations of $913 million in the same period in 2024. The year over year increase in earnings reflects a decrease in net unfavorable cumulative contract catch-up adjustments which were $1,139 million lower than the comparable period in the prior year. During the second quarter of 2024, losses incurred on the five major fixed-price development programs totaled $1,044 million.

See further discussion of fixed-price contracts in Note 11 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

BDS earnings/(loss) from operations includes our share of earnings from equity method investments of $20 million and $14 million for the six and three months ended June 30, 2025, compared with $95 million and $20 million for the same periods in 2024.

Backlog

BDS backlog was $73,957 million at June 30, 2025 compared with $64,023 million as of December 31, 2024. The increase reflects the timing of awards, partially offset by revenue recognized on contracts awarded in prior periods.

Our BDS business includes a variety of development programs which have complex design and technical challenges. Some of these programs have cost-type contracting arrangements. In these cases, the associated financial risks are primarily reduced award or incentive fees, lower profit rates or program cancellation if cost, schedule or technical performance issues arise. Examples of these programs include Ground-based Midcourse Defense, Proprietary and Space Launch System programs.

Some of our development programs are contracted on a fixed-price basis. Examples of significant fixed-price development programs include Commercial Crew, KC-46A Tanker, MQ-25, T-7A Red Hawk, VC-25B, and commercial and military satellites. A number of our ongoing fixed-price development programs have reach-forward losses. New programs could also have risk for reach-forward loss upon contract award and during the period of contract performance. Many development programs have highly complex designs. As technical or quality issues arise during development, we may experience schedule delays and cost impacts, which could increase our estimated cost to perform the work or reduce our estimated price, either of which could result in a material charge or otherwise adversely affect our financial condition. These programs are ongoing, and while we believe the cost and fee estimates incorporated in the financial statements are appropriate, the technical complexity of these programs creates financial risk as additional completion costs may become necessary or scheduled delivery dates could be extended, which could trigger termination provisions or other financially significant exposure. Risk remains that we may be required to record additional reach-forward losses in future periods.